"Micheal Artindale" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
news:[email hidden]...
Quoted message said:Besides the Im strokes; front crawl, back crawl, breast stroke, and
butterfly, what other strokes are there?Thanks
Micheal
Competition Styles
There are four swimming styles commonly swum in competitions. Three of them
are regulated by the FINA. These three are:
Breaststroke
Backstroke
Butterfly
A fourth competition is for unregulated styles and is called freestyle.
During freestyle, it is possible to swim any style on this list. Due to the
superior speed, most swimmers choose front crawl for freestyle competitions.
For medley swimming freestyle is any style except breaststroke, backstroke,
and butterfly.
Recreational Styles
There are a large number of different recreational swimming styles. Some of
them are swum on the breast, some on the back, and some on the side. Of
course, all the competition strokes can be swum recreationally.
On the Breast
Front Crawl is the fastest swimming style.
Trudgen (also known as Trudgeon): The trudgen is similar to the front crawl,
except it is swum with a scissor kick
Trudgen Crawl: Similar to the trudgen, but with a flutter kick between the
scissor kicks
Double Trudgen: Similar to the trudgen, but the sides of the scissor kick
alternate
Double Trudgen Crawl: Similar to the double trudgen, but with a flutter kick
between the scissor kicks
Dolphin Crawl: Similar to front crawl, but with a dolphin kick. One kick per
arm or two kicks per cycle. This style is often used in training.
Catch up stroke: A variation of the front crawl where one arm always rests
at the front while the other arm performs one cycle.
Breaststroke
Heads-Up Breaststroke: Similar to the breaststroke, but the head stays out
of the water. This style is very popular for recreational and swimmers and
also for rescue swimmers approaching a victim.
Butterfly
Slow Butterfly (also known as Moth stroke): Similar to butterfly, but with
an extended gliding phase, Breathing during the pull/push phase, return head
into water during recovery. This style uses four kicks or more per cycle.
Dog Paddle: face over water and paddling alternatingly with the hands.
Human Stroke: Similar to the dog paddle, but the arms reach out more and
pull farther down.
Survival Travel Stroke: Alternating underwater arm stroke, one cycle for
propulsion, one for lift to stay on the surface. This style is slow but
sustainable.
Snorkeling: Swimming on the breast using a snorkel, usually in combination
with masks and fins. Any stroke on the breast can be used, and there is no
need to lift or turn the head for breathing.
On the Back
Backstroke (also known as Back Crawl)
Elementary Backstroke: Both arms move synchronized with a small synchronized
kick. This is also sometimes known as the Lifesaving Kick
Inverted Breaststroke: Similar to Elementary Backstroke, but with a
breaststroke kick.
Inverted Butterfly: Similar to Elementary backstroke, but with a dolphin
kick. This is often used for training.
Back Double Trudgen: Similar to the Backstroke, but with a scissor kick to
alternating sides.
Flutter Back Finning: Symmetrically underwater arm recovery with flutter
kick.
Feet First Swimming: A very slow stroke on the back where a breaststroke
movement with the arms propels the body forward feet first. This is often
used for training.
On the Side
Side Stroke: Lying on the side with alternating underwater recovery and a
scissor kick
Overarm Sidestroke: Similar to the side stroke, but with a over water
recovery of the top arm
Other
Corkscrew Swimming: Alternating between Front crawl and backstroke every
arm. This leads to a constant rotation of the swimmer. The stroke is used
mainly for training purposes
Underwater Swimming: any style with underwater recovery can be swum under
water for certain distances depending on the need for air. Underwater
swimming on the back has the additional possibility of water entering the
nose. The swimmer can breathe out through the nose or wear a nose clip. Some
swimmers can close their nostrils with the upper lip.
Gliding: The swimmer is stretched with the arms to the front, the head
between the arms and the feet to the back. This streamlined shape minimizes
resistance and allows the swimmer to glide, for example after a start, a
push off from a wall, or to rest between strokes.
Turtle stroke: on the breast, extend right arm then pull, after pushing with
the left leg (while opposite limbs are recovering), then opposite limbs
repeat this process, i.e. left arm pulls after right leg pushes. Uses
muscles of the waist. Head can easily be above or below water: this is a
slow but very sustainable stroke, popular with turtles and newts.
Special Purpose Styles
A number of strokes are only used for special purposes, e.g. to manipulate
an object (a swimmer in distress, a ball), or just to stay afloat. (see
also: Drowning)
Manipulating Objects
Lifesaving Stroke: Similar to the side stroke, but only the bottom arm moves
while the top arm tows a swimmer in distress
Lifesaving Approach Stroke (also known as Heads-Up Crawl): Similar to the
front crawl, but with the eyes to the front above the water level, such as
to observe the surroundings as for example a swimmer in distress or a ball
Water polo stroke: This stroke is used for Water polo and is similar to
front crawl, but with head above the water and a slightly inward curved arm
to keep the ball between the arms and in front of the head.
Pushing Rescue Stroke: This stroke helps assisting a tired swimmer: The
tired swimmer lies on the back and the rescuer swims a breaststroke kick and
pushes against the soles of the tired swimmer
Pulling Rescue Stroke: This stroke helps assisting a swimmer in distress.
The both swimmers lie on the back, and the rescuer grabs the armpits of the
swimmer in distress and performs a breaststroke kick (on the back) for
forward motion. The kick has to be not too shallow as otherwise the victim
will be hit.
Pulling Rescue Stroke (Unconscious Victim): Similar to the Pulling Rescue
Stroke, except the rescuer holds the head by the cheeks and underneath the
chin, and ensures that the mouth and nose are out of the water
Pulling Rescue Stroke (Uncooperative Victim): Similar to the Pulling Rescue
Stroke, except that the victim is uncooperative, e.g. due to panic. To
reduce the danger to the rescuer, one arm of the victim is twisted on the
back to restrict movement and to bring the victim in a favorable position
for transport. The arm may be twisted with one or both hands depending on
the circumstances, and an eventual available hand may pull the victim by his
shoulders or his chin.
Shoulder Pulling Rescue Stroke: Both swimmers are on the breast, and the
victim hangs from the shoulders of the rescuer. This stroke works only with
a cooperative victim, and has the advantages that the rescuer can use both
hands and arms for a forward motion using breaststroke. The breaststroke
kick should be very deep to avoid kicking the victim in the stomach. The
victim can also perform a breaststroke or flutter kick. The victim must keep
his shoulders in the water and must not push the shoulders of the rescuer
down.
Clothes Swimming: The swimmer is wearing clothes that restrict movement when
wet, i.e. almost all clothes. This is done to practice situations were the
swimmer fell in the water dressed or the rescuer did not have time to
undress. Due to the restricted movement and the weight of the wet clothes
over water (weightless under water!) an overarm recovery is not possible.
Most swimmers swim breaststroke, but any stroke with underwater recovery is
feasible.
Rescue Tube Swimming: The lifeguard pulls a flotation device, which is
pushed forward when approaching the victim.
Without Forward Motion
Back Floating (also known as dead man float): Lying on the back with minimal
leg movement, and staying afloat with the natural buoyancy. Only the face is
over the water. This style is only to stay afloat and to rest.
Survival floating: Similar to the back floating, except on the breast. The
head is raised periodically for breathing. This is very useful for observing
objects in the water using a mask or goggles. Often in combination with a
snorkel
Treading water: The swimmer is in the water heads up and feet down.
Different kicks and hand movements to stay afloat. This is useful to keep
the head out of the water for a better view or to catch an object as for
example in water polo.
Sculling: This is a figure 8 movement of the hands for forward motion or
upward lift. Use in surf lifesaving, water polo, synchronized swimming and
treading water.