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Wheel Building

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UK and Europe
Published
5 June 2004
Last activity
9 June 2004
Original author
David Waters
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29
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  1. Hey folks, having been quoted 350 to have a set of hubs and
    rims laced together I am thinking it may be prudent to build
    them myself. May cost a bit more in the short term but in
    the longterm could save heaps. Would also be another skill
    to tick off!

    I have had a butchers at Sheldon Browns site to see what he
    has to say and it all seems fairly straightforward.

    I am completely bemused as to how to calculate the spoke
    lengths though. Does 1/2mm really make that much
    difference?? Also what kit am I going to need? At a guess I
    would say a wheelbuilding stand (Are Minoura[1] any good?)
    and a dishing tool (again are Minoura any good[1]) and
    obviously a spoke key.

    What kind of spokes should I be going for? I am trying to
    build a fairly light set of road wheels that will hopefully
    be quite speedy.

    [1] I don't have any particular reason why to go for
    Minoura, they just seem to be cheaper than
    everyone else!!

    cheers fols

    Dave

  2. David Waters said:

    Hey folks, having been quoted 350 to have a set of hubs
    and rims laced together I am thinking it may be prudent to
    build them myself. May cost a bit more in the short term
    but in the longterm could save heaps. Would also be
    another skill to tick off!

    Would be a good skill, but many decent suppliers don't
    charge extra for building. See Parker International for a
    start. The skill would however save money when it comes to
    replacing rims, but you could learn when that's required.

    Quoted message said:

    I have had a butchers at Sheldon Browns site to see what
    he has to say and it all seems fairly straightforward.

    I am completely bemused as to how to calculate the spoke
    lengths though.

    A spoke calculator will do it for you: enter rim & hub (or
    specs of) and pattern, etc. Sheldon has links to some; also
    see DT's online calculator.

    Quoted message said:

    Does 1/2mm really make that much difference??

    No but best to get within 2 mm of the ideal length
    when you can.

    Quoted message said:

    Also what kit am I going to need? At a guess I would say a
    wheelbuilding stand (Are Minoura[1] any good?) and a
    dishing tool (again are Minoura any good[1]) and obviously
    a spoke key.

    I've got the Minoura Workman Pro kit (with stand and dishing
    guage: it's ok, does what's required. You need a better
    spoke key, though: Buddy Spokey or
    DT/Park/Tacx, etc.

    Quoted message said:

    What kind of spokes should I be going for? I am trying to
    build a fairly light set of road wheels that will
    hopefully be quite speedy.

    Depends on budget, your weight and importance of
    reliability. Most roadies seem happy with 32 spokes per
    wheel. ACI, DT or Sapim 2/1.8/2* are considered the
    default decent basic spokes for road bike wheels. Spaim
    Laser or DT Revolution 2/1.5/2 are lighter and more
    fatigue resistant. Bladed spokes is the next step up after
    that (eg. Sapim CX-Ray).

    Personally, I like to use 36-spoke rear wheels for extra
    reliability, with stronger drive side spokes as well (DT
    Alpine III).

    * Double butted: figures are diameters in mm for ends and
    middle of spoke.

    ~PB

  3. How much? Surely not 350 quid?

    I would recommend getting "The Bicycle Wheel" by Jobst Brandt. Not cheap at around 20 quid but it explains the mechanics of spoked wheels (important to understand this before you tackle one) as well as taking you through all the steps of building, truing and repairing.

    I would get spokes to within 1mm of specified length - they are readily available in 1mm increments.

    The Minoura stand is OK for occasional work. Park is best but expensive.

    Park spoke key (with coloured handle, get the right one) is good to hold and has good fit. Worth the 5 or 6 quid.

    You don't HAVE to have a dishing tool. You can measure the rim offset with a steel rule and then turn the wheel round in the jig and measure again. From the two measurements you can calculate how far off centre it is.

    Sounds like you already have the hubs and rims? What are they?

    Ian

  4. in message <[email hidden]>, David Waters

    (') said:

    Hey folks, having been quoted 350 to have a set of hubs
    and rims laced together I am thinking it may be prudent to
    build them myself. May cost a bit more in the short term
    but in the longterm could save heaps. Would also be
    another skill to tick off!

    I have had a butchers at Sheldon Browns site to see what
    he has to say and it all seems fairly straightforward.

    I am completely bemused as to how to calculate the spoke
    lengths though. Does 1/2mm really make that much
    difference?? Also what kit am I going to need? At a guess
    I would say a wheelbuilding stand (Are Minoura[1] any
    good?) and a dishing tool (again are Minoura any good[1])
    and obviously a spoke key.

    You need a spoke key. I have a Minoura trueing stand and
    it is good but you can do it perfectly well in the forks
    of the bike (turn the bike upside down, obviously). You
    don't need a dishing tool and I've never used one but I
    imagine it might be helpful. Wheel building isn't hard if
    you are patient and systematic, and riding on wheels you
    have built is a nice feeling. However for someone who
    knows what they are doing wheelbuilding is pretty quick
    and there's no way you should be being charged more than
    two hours' labour for a pair.

    --
    [email hidden] (Simon Brooke)
    jasmine.org.uk~simon

    I'm fed up with Life 1.0. I never liked it much and now
    it's getting me down. I think I'll upgrade to MSLife 97
    -- you know, the one that comes in a flash new box and
    within weeks you're crawling with bugs.

  5. "David Waters" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    Hey folks, having been quoted 350 to have a set of hubs
    and rims laced together I am thinking it may be prudent to
    build them myself. May cost a bit more in the short term
    but in the longterm could save heaps. Would also be
    another skill to tick off!

    a) 350 GBP is _far_ too much and b) yes, learning to
    wheelbuild is a useful skill.

    Quoted message said:

    I have had a butchers at Sheldon Browns site to see what
    he has to say and it all seems fairly straightforward.

    I've built mine based on his page and had no issues yet.

    Quoted message said:

    I am completely bemused as to how to calculate the spoke
    lengths though.

    Damon Rinard's spreadsheet works for me.

    Quoted message said:

    Also what kit am I going to need? At a guess I would say a
    wheelbuilding stand (Are Minoura[1] any good?) and a
    dishing tool (again are Minoura any good[1]) and obviously
    a spoke key.

    You only _need_ a spoke key. I've done all my wheelbuilding
    using frame/forks as wheelbuilding stand/dishing tool.

    Quoted message said:

    What kind of spokes should I be going for? I am trying to
    build a fairly light set of road wheels that will
    hopefully be quite speedy.

    I would go for 14/16 db spokes (2.0/1.8mm) for my first set
    - leave the DT revolutions until you have at least some
    experience.

    cheers, clive

  6. David Waters said:

    Hey folks, having been quoted 350 to have a set of hubs
    and rims laced together I am thinking it may be prudent to
    build them myself.

    Name names, someone is taking the p**s

    Quoted message said:

    May cost a bit more in the short term but in the longterm
    could save heaps. Would also be another skill to tick off!

    I have had a butchers at Sheldon Browns site to see what
    he has to say and it all seems fairly straightforward.

    Sheldon is good but better still get The Bicycle Wheel by
    Jobst Brant. Following his method will give you bombproof
    wheels that never need touching.

    Quoted message said:

    I am completely bemused as to how to calculate the spoke
    lengths though. Does 1/2mm really make that much
    difference?? Also what kit am I going to need? At a guess
    I would say a wheelbuilding stand (Are Minoura[1] any
    good?) and a dishing tool (again are Minoura any good[1])
    and obviously a spoke key.

    Use an online spoke calculator. Worth getting them within
    1mm - just makes building much easier. Dishing tool is
    optional. Minoura stand it OK, Park is better but more
    expensive.

    Tony

  7. Tony Raven said:
    David Waters said:

    Hey folks, having been quoted 350 to have a set of hubs
    and rims laced together I am thinking it may be prudent to
    build them myself.

    Name names, someone is taking the p**s

    Quoted message said:

    May cost a bit more in the short term but in the longterm
    could save heaps. Would also be another skill to tick off!

    I have had a butchers at Sheldon Browns site to see what
    he has to say and it all seems fairly straightforward.

    Sheldon is good but better still get The Bicycle Wheel by
    Jobst Brant. Following his method will give you bombproof
    wheels that never need touching.

    Quoted message said:

    I am completely bemused as to how to calculate the spoke
    lengths though. Does 1/2mm really make that much
    difference?? Also what kit am I going to need? At a guess
    I would say a wheelbuilding stand (Are Minoura[1] any
    good?) and a dishing tool (again are Minoura any good[1])
    and obviously a spoke key.

    Use an online spoke calculator. Worth getting them within
    1mm - just makes building much easier. Dishing tool is
    optional. Minoura stand it OK, Park is better but more
    expensive.

    Tony

    did i say 350?? I meant £50. Look at the the number 3 button
    on your keyboard.........😉

    As for the wheels, I already have the rims and am in the
    process of acquiring hubs. The rims are mavic open pros, the
    hubs most likely to be shimano 105 or ultegra. Ideally I
    like the idea of bladed or oval spokes but that may be a
    case of running before walking...

  8. David Waters said:


    did i say 350?? I meant £50.

    My LBS charges £30 for building two wheels. I guess this
    price doesn't include spokes because these are quoted
    separately. 32 spokes cost £13. Looks like £50 is not
    unusual if it includes the spokes.
    --
    Michael MacClancy Random putdown - "I didn't attend the
    funeral, but I sent a nice letter saying I approved of it."
    - Mark Twain www.macclancy.demon.co.uk www.macclancy.co.uk

  9. David Waters said:

    As for the wheels, I already have the rims and am in the
    process of acquiring hubs. The rims are mavic open pros,
    the hubs most likely to be shimano 105 or ultegra.

    This is the same wheel I bought from Ribble earlier this
    year: handbuilt pair of Open Pros with Ultegra hubs (32 hole
    stainless stel, bouble-butted) for £122. Not bad I thought.
    No problems at all and they've done about 2000 km so far.

  10. Simon Brooke said:


    You need a spoke key. I have a Minoura trueing stand and
    it is good but you can do it perfectly well in the forks
    of the bike (turn the bike upside down, obviously). You
    don't need a dishing tool and I've never used one but I
    imagine it might be helpful. Wheel building isn't hard

    [snip]

    You can make your own dishing tool pretty easily. I made
    mine years ago out of curtain rails - details on my
    website cycling page at acampbell.org.ukacampbell.org.uk. It
    still works fine.

    Anthony

    --
    <<|
    | acampbell.-acampbell.-
    | org.uk/cycling/
    _________ ,___o / \ __________ _\ <;_ / \ OCD
    Cycloclimbing ___________ (_)/ (_) / \
    ocd.org.ukocd.org.uk
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    --------------

  11. Quoted message said:

    did i say 350?? I meant £50. Look at the the number 3
    button on your keyboard.........😉

    50 doesn't sound unreasonable. The cheapest I've ever found
    was £10. per wheel without spokes.

    I eat rims (utility cycling to 25mph then back to 0 for
    each traffic light) so it's a nice skill to learn. Half
    the advantage is that you can re-use spokes if you change
    a rim on your own wheels, whereas shops always like to use
    new spokes.

    Quoted message said:

    As for the wheels, I already have the rims and am in the
    process of acquiring hubs. The rims are mavic open pros,
    the hubs most likely to be shimano 105 or ultegra. Ideally
    I like the idea of bladed or oval spokes but that may be a
    case of running before walking...

    Build the front wheel as practice before you build the back
    wheel. Front wheels are a fair bit easier IME because you
    don't need to worry about dishing so much.

    AC

  12. Anthony Campbell said:

    [snip]

    You can make your own dishing tool pretty easily. I made
    mine years ago out of curtain rails - details on my
    website cycling page at acampbell.org.ukacampbell.org.uk. It
    still works fine.

    Anthony

    Thank you for that Anthony. That should save me a few bob.
    [1]

    All I need now is a plan for a truing stand. I object
    strongly to giving Mr Park 75 pounds for an overgrown tuning
    fork, with the help of the school DT department I feel sure
    I can Mek Summat Yoosful [2].

    Terry Duckmanton

    [1] My mother was a Scot, I have inherited her 'careful with
    money' trait.
    [2] I was born in Nottinghamshire where this phrase actually
    means something

  13. wheelsgoround said:

    I would recommend getting "The Bicycle Wheel" by Jobst
    Brandt. Not cheap at around 20 quid but it explains the
    mechanics of spoked wheels (important to understand this
    before you tackle one) as well as taking you through all
    the steps of building, truing and repairing.

    Not read this yet, so there are holes in my
    wheelbuilding knowledge. I will read it before starting
    work on my next wheel.

    Quoted message said:


    I would get spokes to within 1mm of specified length -
    they are readily available in 1mm increments.

    This is the bit that confused me when I built my first (so
    far only) wheel [1]. Nobody seems to mention the business of
    correct length except to say that the spokes should be a
    particular length for a specific combination of hub, rim and
    lacing pattern. I am one of those peculiar people who always
    want to know _why_ such and such is the case. The way I see
    it is this;

    - There is a limited amount of thread on the end of
    each spoke.

    - You want the nipple to grab as much thread as it it can.

    - You don't want the end of the spoke to stick out beyond
    the end of the nipple otherwise it becomes a good source
    of punctures.

    - The SPOCALC spreadsheet gives a length which should bring
    the end of the spoke level with the bottom of the
    screwdriver slot in the nipple.

    Have I got that right or is there something that I have not
    considered? I am guessing also that the answer is given in
    Brandt's book, but as I said before I have not yet read it.

    Terry Duckmanton

    [1] A rear wheel with a five speed freewheel on a
    nondescript hub with a Mavic MA3 rim. It is still in
    use on my "shopping bike". It has probably done about
    1500 miles.

  14. Terry; you got it right.

    The various spoke calculators will give you lengths to 0.1mm. Choosing the whole millimetere either side of this will ensure you meet the two important criteria you mentioned. Going to a spoke length an extra millimetre away risks violating either of those criteria at the lower and upper limits of tension. It's really all about giving yourself a comfortable margin to work with.

    Ian

  15. David Waters said:

    Hey folks, having been quoted 350 to have a set of hubs and
    rims laced together

    What with ? Chopper rear brake cables ?!

    Quoted message said:

    I am thinking it may be prudent to build them myself.

    It's not a bad idea. However it's _cheap_ to have wheels
    built. Given the general faffing around involved, and the
    really rather reasonable charges that I see locally, then I
    can't claim there's a great economic reason for it.

    Quoted message said:

    Would also be another skill to tick off!

    Which is probably the reason why we do it.

    Quoted message said:

    I have had a butchers at Sheldon Browns site to see what he
    has to say and it all seems fairly straightforward.

    It is. Read Jobst Brandt's book for the theory, but
    follow Sheldon's instructions for the process, as he's a
    little clearer. If you're prepared to accept good
    recommendations without understanding their background,
    then Sheldon alone is fine.

    Quoted message said:

    I am completely bemused as to how to calculate the spoke
    lengths though.

    Many ways - and it is important.

    One is just to go into a shop and buy them. If you're buying
    loose spokes, then you're probably dealing with a shop that
    builds too. They'll be able to find the lengths.

    The way many shops do it is to use a look-up chart. For
    standard crossings of Shimano hubs onto Mavic rims (or
    similar commonplace parts) then it's easy.

    For weird components though, you need to calculate it. This
    involves measuring flange spacings, rim diameters etc.,
    although these can often be looked up too. There are web on-
    line calculators to do the rest, but it's not rocket
    science. You also need to calculate rather than looking-up
    if you want a half-radial lacing or suchlike.

    Personally I read Jobst, then made up my own Excel
    spreadsheet to calculate them. it's not hard (trivial
    Pythagorean geometry).

    Quoted message said:

    Also what kit am I going to need?

    Very little.

    Spoke key. GET A SPOKEY !!!! They're much superior to any
    other than I've used, included Parks, DTs, Campags et al.
    OK, so they look like cheap rubbish, but they work.

    Spoke driver. This is an old Pozidrive hex bit, ground down
    to be a flat bit with a spike on the nose. Useful for quick
    assembly, and damn near essential for building on deep box-
    section DH rims. You can manage without though, and they're
    hard to buy.

    Various rules, straight edges etc.

    A stand. Useful for fast builds in a shop. The rest of us
    can manage without. Many people lace on a table or their
    knee, then use an inverted bike for final build.

    My truing stand is home made, from a carved up scrap front
    fork and some welded steel. All you really need is a fork
    or two (which can still be atached to your bike) and a
    pencil held in a bulldog clip as a truing indicator. I like
    to use my thumbnail anyway, because I'm more accurate by
    touch than by sight.

    You'll need a dish stick, but this can be home made too.
    Mine is a slice of plywood with two "feet" on it, and a
    relieved space across the centre to clear the hub and
    spokes. The indicator is another little stip of ply, and a
    bulldog clip.

    Quoted message said:

    What kind of spokes should I be going for?

    Double butted DTs and brass nipples. They're easy to
    build with, reliable, and almost as lightweight as
    "ultimate spokes".

    Don't mess around with funny spokes or funny nipples. They
    save you almost no weight / drag and they're a real [censored] to
    build. You can go for black spokes if you want, but nothing
    more complicated - certainly not on a first wheelset.

    There's also the lacing pattern to consider - read Jobst for
    why. Personally I'd say that all 36s are 3x, 32s are either
    2x or 3x (2x for under 32). Fronts under 32 can be radial,
    but only if you're a drag-queen roadie - anyone else should
    stick with crossing them like Leonardo intended. Rears with
    wide cassettes however (and that's everything except fixed
    wheels these days) should be half-radial, as it evens up the
    tensions a bit. IMHO, but I think it's a good idea.

    Resurrected '50s vintage stuff should be snowflake or
    crowsfoot patterns, and tied and soldered at the crossings -
    just because it looks retro.

    And when you've built your wheels, _stress_relieve_ them !
    (Sheldon tells all). This is the biggest difference between
    a good hand-built wheel and a factory farmed tortilla.

    My first-built wheel failed recently - after 7 years of
    being the back end of my daily commuter and kerb jumping
    hack. The rubbish Mavic 217 rim (I'll never buy another
    Mavic) developed corrosion-induced cracking around the spoke
    holes. Even with half the spokes pulled proud of the rim
    surface though, it was still round and true. If you follow
    those two guides, you _can_ build damn good wheels on your
    first attempt.

    --
    Smert' spamionam

  16. Andy Dingley said:

    A stand. Useful for fast builds in a shop. The rest of us
    can manage without. Many people lace on a table or their
    knee, then use an inverted bike for final build.

    My truing stand is home made, from a carved up scrap front
    fork and some welded steel. All you really need is a fork
    or two (which can still be atached to your bike) and a
    pencil held in a bulldog clip as a truing indicator. I
    like to use my thumbnail anyway, because I'm more accurate
    by touch than by sight.

    Most accurate way of all is by *sound*. The guides of a
    proper stand will make a loud noise as they brush against
    the rim, enabling the wheel to be trued to a fraction of a
    milimeter. It'll also be fully adjustable, much better
    than using the frame; a good investment, IMO. A stand is
    also better than the frame if/when the wheel is ever way
    out of true (so far out that is wouldn't go round in frame
    or forks).

    ~PB

  17. in message <[email hidden]>, Andy Dingley

    (') said:

    There's also the lacing pattern to consider - read Jobst
    for why. Personally I'd say that all 36s are 3x, 32s are
    either 2x or 3x (2x for under 32). Fronts under 32 can be
    radial, but only if you're a drag-queen roadie - anyone
    else should stick with crossing them like Leonardo
    intended.

    Why? There's really not much point in crossing on a front
    unless you have hub brakes. The people I learned from were
    of the opinion that a more crossed wheel was more springy
    than radials, but Jobst rather pooh-poohs this (mind you I
    always find it hard with Jobst to tell when he's writing
    from knowledge and when from prejudice - he writes total
    bollocks with exactly the same authority that he writes
    common sense).

    Personally I like radial fronts - they look very clean and
    work very well (and they're very easy to build). Of course,
    you need to check whether your hub is rated for 'em.

    Quoted message said:

    Rears with wide cassettes however (and that's everything
    except fixed wheels these days) should be half-radial, as
    it evens up the tensions a bit. IMHO, but I think it's a
    good idea.

    I'd agree.

    Quoted message said:

    My first-built wheel failed recently - after 7 years of
    being the back end of my daily commuter and kerb jumping
    hack. The rubbish Mavic 217 rim (I'll never buy another
    Mavic) developed corrosion-induced cracking around the
    spoke holes. Even with half the spokes pulled proud of the
    rim surface though, it was still round and true. If you
    follow those two guides, you _can_ build damn good wheels
    on your first attempt.

    And I'd agree with that, too. It's a matter of being patient
    and systematic; it ain't rocket science.

    --
    [email hidden] (Simon Brooke)
    jasmine.org.uk~simon

    ;; 'I think we should trust our president in every
    decision ;; that he makes and we should just
    support that' ;; Britney Spears of George W Bush,
    CNN 04:09:03

  18. On Mon, 07 Jun 2004 09:05:02 GMT, Simon Brooke <[email hidden]>

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    Fronts under 32 can be radial, but only if you're a drag-
    queen roadie - anyone else should stick with crossing
    them like Leonardo intended.

    Why?

    If you have a good reason, then go to it. Feel free to
    ignore me.

    However a radial lacing puts the spoke tension up, and that
    makes building harder. There's also the risk of breaking a
    fragile rim. Don't let me stop you if you feel up to it, but
    I wouldn't recommend it as a first wheelset.

    Radial is easier to build than aero spokes though.

  19. "Andy Dingley" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:
    Simon Brooke said:
    Quoted message said:

    Fronts under 32 can be radial, but only if you're a drag-
    queen roadie - anyone else should stick with crossing
    them like Leonardo intended.

    Why?

    If you have a good reason, then go to it. Feel free to
    ignore me.

    Although it's probably a good idea to weigh carefully the
    opinion of someone who is capable of forging his own spokes
    from D2 :-)

    Quoted message said:

    However a radial lacing puts the spoke tension up, and
    that makes building harder. There's also the risk of
    breaking a fragile rim.

    I find I'm not reassured by the apparent fragility of even
    the hubs that Shimano says are OK for radial spoking.

    Look at a hub flange and imagine where the force exerted by
    the spoke is going.

    Quoted message said:

    Don't let me stop you if you feel up to it, but I wouldn't
    recommend it as a first wheelset.

    Perhaps the best thing is to do all the fancy stuff first,
    ruin a pile of kit, and then know why all that doesn't
    work well?

    Quoted message said:

    Radial is easier to build than aero spokes though.

    What's aero about radial? The spoke presents exactly the
    same swept area.
    --
    "To ... just not care that there are naked triathletes
    running across your lawn, that's just a waste of
    exhibitionism."
    - Kibo, in alt.religion.kibology

  20. Andy Dingley [email hidden] opined the following...

    Quoted message said:

    If you have a good reason, then go to it. Feel free to
    ignore me.

    However a radial lacing puts the spoke tension up, and
    that makes building harder.

    Having built two wheels (Front and rear) one radial, one
    crossed. The radial was by far the easier of the two. Easier
    to lace, easier to true. As the direction of the force is
    direct and no spokes are in contact, adjusting one spoke has
    little effect on the others.

    Quoted message said:

    There's also the risk of breaking a fragile rim.

    I don't see how this is related to spoke lacing. Fragile hub
    flange maybe...

    Quoted message said:

    Don't let me stop you if you feel up to it, but I wouldn't
    recommend it as a first wheelset.

    If the equipment (hub) is up to it, then radial spoking is a
    very easy way to build a non-disc front wheel.

    Quoted message said:

    Radial is easier to build than aero spokes though.

    True, but building any lacing pattern with aero spokes is
    harder than the same pattern with round ones.

    Jon

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