Nobody seems to have replied yet, so here's a quick explanation:
Most unicycles (certainly the less expensive ones) have the cranks
attached to the axle using a tapered square shape on the axle, commonly
known as "cotterless" (to distinguish it from the older "cottered" axle
with a cotter pin). These are the common fittings for cranks on bikes
(almost all bikes for the past couple of decades have used this
cotterless type of crank). It's a pretty strong way of holding the
cranks and is much better than the old cottered method, but...
Unicyclists who do lots of jumping (i.e. trials and muni riders) often
put more stress on the cranks than the square taper can take, making
them come loose, creak, and wear out. The solution is to use an axle
with splines (lots of small ridges, a bit like fine cog teeth) that fits
into an appropriately shaped hole in the crank. This gives a much
stronger interface and helps to prevent the loosening problems. The
downside is it's more expensive to make splined components (so they cost
more to buy) and because it's not a standard bike fitting the choice of
cranks is more limited (different makes of splined axle use different
numbers of splines, so cranks and axles can't be mixed). But if you're
doing heavy riding the strength gains are worth the extra cost. Common
makes of splined hub are KH, Onza, QuAx and Profile.
For normal riding (and the type of cross-country/light muni I tend to
do), the less expensive square taper hubs are strong enough as long as
you make sure they don't get loose.
--
rob.northcott - Unofficial level 2, on a good day
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