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Santa Claus - an engineer's perspective

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Road Cycling
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5 December 2003
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19 December 2003
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David Kerber
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  1. Any of you asking for bike stuff from Santa Claus might do well to read this. I didn't check the
    calculations, but I'm sure it wouldn't change the final result:

    1: There are approximately two billion children (persons under 18) in the world, however, since
    Santa does not visit children of Muslim, Hindu, Jewish or Buddhist religions, this reduces the
    workload for Christmas night to just 15% of the total, or 378 million (according to the
    population reference bureau). At an average (census) rate of 3.5 children per household, that
    comes to 108 million homes, presuming at there is at least one good child in each.

    2: Santa has 31 hours of Christmas to work with, thanks to the different time zones and the rotation
    of the earth, assuming he travels east to west (which seems logical). This works out to
    3.7 visits per second. This is to say, for every Christian household with a good child, Santa has
    around 1/1000 of a second to park the sleigh, hop out, jump down the chimney, fill the stockings,
    distribute the remaining presents under the tree, eat whatever snacks have been left for him, get
    back up the chimney, jump into the sleigh and get on to the next house. Assuming that each of
    these 108 million stops is evenly distributed around the earth (which of course, we know to be
    false, but will accept for the purpose of our calculations). We are talking about 1.25 Km per
    household, a total of 120.8 million Km, not counting bathroom stops or breaks. This means Santa's
    sleigh is moving at 1040 Km per second........3,000 times the speed of sound. For purposes of
    comparison, the fastest man-made vehicle, the Ulysses space probe, moves at a poky 43.8 Km per
    second, and a conventional reindeer can run (at best) 25 Km per hour.

    4: The pay load of the sleigh adds another interesting element. Assuming that each child gets
    nothing more than a medium Lego set (two pounds), the sleigh is carrying over 500 thousand tons,
    not counting Santa himself. On land, a conventional reindeer can pull no more than 300 pounds,
    even granting that the "flying" reindeer could pull ten times the normal amount, the job can't be
    done with eight or even nine of them......Santa would need 360,000 of them. This increases the
    payload, not counting the weight of the sleigh, another 54,000 tons, or roughly seven times the
    weight of the Queen Elizabeth (the ship, not the monarch).

    5: 600,000 tons traveling at 1040 Km per second creates enormous air resistance....this would heat
    up the lead reindeer in the same fashion as a space shuttle re-entering the earth's atmosphere.
    The lead pair of reindeer would absorb 14.3 quintillion joules of energy per second each. In
    short, they would burst into flames almost instantaneously, exposing the reindeer behind them and
    creating deafening sonic booms in their wake. The entire reindeer team would be vaporized within
    4.26 thousandths of a second, or right about the time Santa reached the fifth house on his trip.
    Not that it matters, however, since Santa, as a result of accelerating from a dead stop to 1040 k
    p s in .001 seconds, would be subjected to centrifugal forces of 17,500 G's. A 250 pound Santa
    (which seems ludicrously slim) would be pinned to the back of the sleigh by 4,315,015 pounds of
    force, instantly crushing his bones and organs and reducing him to a quivering blob of pink goo.

    6: Therefore, if Santa did exist, he's dead now.

    --
    Dave Kerber Fight spam: remove the ns_ from the return address before replying!

    REAL programmers write self-modifying code.

  2. "David Kerber" <ns_dkerber@ns_ids.net> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    Any of you asking for bike stuff from Santa Claus might do well to read this. I didn't check the
    calculations, but I'm sure it wouldn't change the final result: {snippage}

    Very cute...but older than dirt.

    Bill "sorta like Sheldon?" S.

  3. Sorni <[email hidden]> wrote:
    : Bill "sorta like Sheldon?" S.

    now you've done it.
    --
    david reuteler [email hidden]

  4. In article <[email hidden]>, sorni@bite-
    me.san.rr.com says...

    Quoted message said:

    "David Kerber" <ns_dkerber@ns_ids.net> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    Any of you asking for bike stuff from Santa Claus might do well to read this. I didn't check the
    calculations, but I'm sure it wouldn't change the final result: {snippage}

    Very cute...but older than dirt.

    Bill "sorta like Sheldon?" S.

    Yep!

    I figured it had been around the internet a few times, but I haven't seen it before, so figured
    I'd post it.

    --
    Dave Kerber Fight spam: remove the ns_ from the return address before replying!

    REAL programmers write self-modifying code.

  5. "David Reuteler" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    Sorni <[email hidden]> wrote:
    : Bill "sorta like Sheldon?" S.

    now you've done it.

    I kid because I love 🙂

    Bill "almost used Jobst but figured he'd climb through the cable at me" S.

  6. Sorni said:


    Very cute...but older than dirt.

    It is not dirt - the correct term is soil. And since soil is the product of weathering of rock, it
    is really not that old in the overall scheme of things.

    Tom Sherman - Planet Earth

  7. David Kerber <ns_dkerber@ns_ids.net> wrote:
    : Any of you asking for bike stuff from Santa Claus might do well to read this. I didn't check the
    : calculations, but I'm sure it wouldn't change the final result:

    Well, I'm afraid anybody who's knowledgeable in Santistics (the study of Santa Claus and related
    entities and phenomena) is able to point out a few errors or omissions in the chain of reasoning.

    Still, it's nice to see that this branch of science has reached the level of mathematical models.

    : 1: There are approximately two billion children (persons under 18) in the world, however, since
    : Santa does not visit children of Muslim, Hindu, Jewish or Buddhist religions, this reduces the
    : workload for Christmas night to just 15% of the total, or 378 million (according to the
    : population reference bureau).

    You talk only of major religions. (Also might be a good idea to check that Santa is not included in
    Hindu deities.) There's probably some million people who are religiously unaffiliated, or belong to
    minor (eg. local and native) religions.

    : 2: Santa has 31 hours of Christmas to work with, thanks to the different time zones and the
    : rotation of the earth, assuming he travels east to west (which seems logical). This works
    : out to
    : 967.7 visits per second. This is to say, for every Christian household with a good child, Santa
    : has around 1/1000 of a second to park the sleigh, hop out, jump down the chimney, fill the
    : stockings, distribute the remaining presents under the tree, eat whatever snacks have been
    : left for him, get back up the chimney, jump into the sleigh and get on to the next house.

    It is a well known - and empirically observable - fact that Santa can be in multiple places at the
    same time. This is a bit difficult to explain, but several theories have been suggested. Some
    theories are derived from relativity or quantum physics, while others conclude that Santa is a
    transcendent entity - and the empirically observable Santas are "merely" incarnations.

    : For purposes of comparison, the fastest man-made vehicle, the Ulysses space probe, moves at a poky
    : 43.8 Km per second, and a conventional reindeer can run (at best) 25 Km per hour.

    I mentioned the reindeer in IRC, which raised some doubts. For example, I can reach the same speed
    while sprinting (on feet). Is that 25 km/h really the reindeer all-out sprint speed in ideal
    conditions, or did you get the figure for reindeer cruising speed?

    I'm sure if you'd ask for average speeds from reindeer enthusiasts, they'd post something way higher
    than 25 km/h!

    : 4: 600,000 tons traveling at 1040 Km per second creates enormous air resistance....this would heat
    : up the lead reindeer in the same fashion as a space shuttle re-entering the earth's atmosphere.
    : The lead pair of reindeer would absorb 14.3 quintillion joules of energy per second each. In
    : short, they would burst into flames almost instantaneously, exposing the reindeer behind them
    : and creating deafening sonic booms in their wake. The entire reindeer team would be vaporized
    : within 4.26 thousandths of a second, or right about the time Santa reached the fifth house on
    : his trip.

    Maybe, but does the sleigh do athmospheric re-entry? Also it's possible that Santa mounts some kind
    of a front fairing on the lead reindeer in order to reduce aerodynamic drag and minimize the
    weather effects. In addition, you fail to mention any paceline/drafting effects the reindeer would
    be getting.

    : 5: Therefore, if Santa did exist, he's dead now.

    So it seems that the conclusion is in need of slight revision.

    --
    Risto Varanka | helsinki.fihpv.html varis at no spam please iki fi

  8. 6 Dec 2003 07:21:42 GMT, <[email hidden]>,

    Quoted message said:

    I'm sure if you'd ask for average speeds from reindeer enthusiasts, they'd post something way
    higher than 25 km/h!

    During migrations, herds move at a rate of 19-55 kilometers / 11-33 miles per day.

    The caribou's maximum running speed is 60-80 kmph / 36-48 mph.

    When swimming, adults can maintain a speed of 6.5 kpmh / 4 mph, and when pressed can swim at 10
    kmph / 6 mph
    --
    zk

  9. Quoted post said:

    Originally posted by Risto Varanka You talk only of major religions. (Also might be a good idea to check that Santa is not included in
    Hindu deities.) There's probably some million people who are religiously unaffiliated, or belong to
    minor (eg. local and native) religions.


    Christmas is also held on different dates. In Russia, I believe it will be January 7. Also, their "Grandfather Frost" looks different than the American Santa. So, perhaps there are regional Santas responsible for particular territories.

    Quoted post said:

    Originally posted by Risto Varanka Maybe, but does the sleigh do athmospheric re-entry? Also it's possible that Santa mounts some kind
    of a front fairing on the lead reindeer in order to reduce aerodynamic drag and minimize the
    weather effects. In addition, you fail to mention any paceline/drafting effects the reindeer would
    be getting.


    The sled and harnesses for the reindeer are made of a composite which zeroes the mass of anything that it touches. As a result, the entire rig goes at the speed of light and there is no acceleration/deceleration problem.

    All I want for Christmas - a bike made of that mass zeroing composite.

  10. Quoted post said:

    Originally posted by Risto Varanka You talk only of major religions. (Also might be a good idea to check that Santa is not included in
    Hindu deities.) There's probably some million people who are religiously unaffiliated, or belong to
    minor (eg. local and native) religions.


    Christmas is also held on different dates. In Russia, I believe it will be January 7. Also, their "Grandfather Frost" looks different than the American Santa. So, perhaps there are regional Santas responsible for particular territories.

    Quoted post said:

    Originally posted by Risto Varanka Maybe, but does the sleigh do athmospheric re-entry? Also it's possible that Santa mounts some kind
    of a front fairing on the lead reindeer in order to reduce aerodynamic drag and minimize the
    weather effects. In addition, you fail to mention any paceline/drafting effects the reindeer would
    be getting.


    The sled and harnesses for the reindeer are made of a composite which zeroes the mass of anything that it touches. As a result, the entire rig goes at the speed of light and there is no acceleration/deceleration problem.

    All I want for Christmas - a bike made of that mass zeroing composite.

  11. Zoot Katz said:

    When swimming, adults can maintain a speed of 6.5 kpmh / 4 mph, and when pressed can swim at 10
    kmph / 6 mph

    Does the average reindeer feel adequately "pressed", however, merely by exhortations such as "On,
    Comet! On, Cupid! On, Donner and Blitzen"?

    I've not made a study of the use of such motivating techniques in managing reindeer, but from
    similar trials in humans, I'd suspect not.

  12. "bioguy" <[email hidden]> wrote in message "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:


    All I want for Christmas - a bike made of that mass zeroing composite.

    No mass -- no "weight" -- no friction with the road -- no traction -- no progress.

    - Skip

  13. Tom Sherman said:
    Sorni said:


    Very cute...but older than dirt.

    It is not dirt - the correct term is soil.

    To an agronomist, maybe. To most people it's dirt.

    Quoted message said:

    And since soil is the product of weathering of rock, it is really not that old in the overall
    scheme of things.

    But it's probably older than the engineering analysis of Santa Claus, if only by a small margin.

    How about "older than Methuselah"? Or "since Hector was a pup"?

    --
    Ray Heindl (remove the Xs to reply)

  14. Zippy the Pinhead said:
    Zoot Katz said:

    When swimming, adults can maintain a speed of 6.5 kpmh / 4 mph, and when pressed can swim at 10
    kmph / 6 mph

    Does the average reindeer feel adequately "pressed", however, merely by exhortations such as "On,
    Comet! On, Cupid! On, Donner and Blitzen"?

    I've not made a study of the use of such motivating techniques in managing reindeer, but from
    similar trials in humans, I'd suspect not.

    The poem fails to mention the cattle prod and the whip. Mere yelling would never get them to fly.

    --
    Ray Heindl (remove the Xs to reply)

  15. Quoted message said:

    How about "older than Methuselah"? Or "since Hector was a pup"?

    Deader than Heinlein.

    --

    _______________________ALL AMIGA IN MY MIND_______________________ ------------------"Buddy Holly,
    the Texas Elvis"------------------
    __________306.350.357.38>>[email hidden]__________

  16. Sat, 06 Dec 2003 14:36:39 GMT, <[email hidden]>, Zippy the

    Pinhead said:


    Does the average reindeer feel adequately "pressed", however, merely by exhortations such as "On,
    Comet! On, Cupid! On, Donner and Blitzen"?


    Perhaps they'll feel compelled by entreaties like "On, Alpo! On, Friskies! On, Kibbles-n-Bits!"
    --
    zk

  17. Zoot Katz said:
    Quoted message said:

    Does the average reindeer feel adequately "pressed", however, merely by exhortations such as "On,
    Comet! On, Cupid! On, Donner and Blitzen"?


    Perhaps they'll feel compelled by entreaties like "On, Alpo! On, Friskies! On, Kibbles-n-Bits!"

    You owe me a keyboard and a beer.

  18. bioguy <[email hidden]> wrote:
    : Christmas is also held on different dates. In Russia, I believe
    it will be January 7. Also, their "Grandfather Frost" looks different than the American Santa. So,
    perhaps there are regional Santas responsible for particular territories.

    Santa follows a scheme ah so familiar from the movie industry: different premier dates on
    different markets.

    And you are right, the guy is apparently the Russian subcontractor to Santa.

    --
    Risto Varanka | helsinki.fihpv.html varis at no spam please iki fi

  19. In article <[email hidden]>,

    Quoted message said:

    Still, it's nice to see that this branch of science has reached the level of mathematical models.

    I hate to say it, but Santa Claus is merely a Coca Cola commercial construct.

    And the C programming language was an April Fool's joke.

    And Java is merely an extension of XView. And if cycling was programming languages, C# is bike lanes
    -- nothing but bleak bike lanes, from which no one can deviate.

    cheers, Tom

    --
    -- Powered by FreeBSD Above address is just a spam midden. I'm really at: tkeats [curlicue] vcn
    [point] bc [point] ca

  20. In article said:

    C# is bike lanes -- nothing but bleak bike lanes, from which no one can deviate.

    PS:

    C# is C that the ghost of Commodore "give me a nanosecond" Grace Whatshername has diddled with.

    C# is COBOL all over again.

    cheers again, Tom

    --
    -- Powered by FreeBSD Above address is just a spam midden. I'm really at: tkeats [curlicue] vcn
    [point] bc [point] ca

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