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Re: Helmet Poll: First Hand Experience

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UK and Europe
Published
9 May 2006
Last activity
11 May 2006
Original author
jtaylor
Posts
33
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  1. "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    I'm looking for three data points here:

    1) My head struck on object (pavement, vehicle, another cyclist, etc.)
    whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and I feel the helmet lessened
    the extent of my injuries.

    or

    2) My head struck on object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I doubt it either lessened or worsened the extent of my injuries (i.e.,
    the helmet made no difference).

    or

    3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.

    Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above. As
    simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts only
    (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies show",
    "statistics prove", etc.

    Beside the obvious and well-known flaw that self-selected responses are an
    _extremely_ poor way to gather data, you have omitted a whole class of
    instances in which had the cyclist been wearing a helmet, they would have
    struck their head on an object - but because they were not, they did not.

    You say you wish to exclude such instances - is this bias for helmets by
    choice or accident?

    And why do you wish to avoid real studies that have been done that already
    show what is needed to determine the value of helmets and MHLs?

  2. jtaylor said:

    "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    I'm looking for three data points here:

    1) My head struck on object (pavement, vehicle, another cyclist, etc.)
    whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and I feel the helmet lessened
    the extent of my injuries.

    or

    2) My head struck on object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I doubt it either lessened or worsened the extent of my injuries (i.e.,
    the helmet made no difference).

    or

    3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.

    Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above. As
    simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts only
    (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies show",
    "statistics prove", etc.

    Beside the obvious and well-known flaw that self-selected responses are an
    _extremely_ poor way to gather data, you have omitted a whole class of
    instances in which had the cyclist been wearing a helmet, they would have
    struck their head on an object - but because they were not, they did not.

    You say you wish to exclude such instances - is this bias for helmets by
    choice or accident?

    And why do you wish to avoid real studies that have been done that already
    show what is needed to determine the value of helmets and MHLs?

    Which part of "*first hand* accounts only" can't you wrap your mind
    around?

    Now, do you have a *first hand* experience to contribute, or are you
    just taking up space?

  3. Ozark Bicycle said:
    jtaylor said:

    "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in
    message news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    I'm looking for three data points here:

    1) My head struck on object (pavement, vehicle, another cyclist,
    etc.) whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and I feel the helmet
    lessened the extent of my injuries.

    or

    2) My head struck on object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet
    and I doubt it either lessened or worsened the extent of my
    injuries (i.e., the helmet made no difference).

    or

    3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet
    and I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.

    Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above. As
    simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts only
    (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies show",
    "statistics prove", etc.


    <snip>

    It's a (1) for me (hit a rock on a trail, at speed)....

    I'm in Fort Smith at the moment - any good shops I can visit (need new
    shocks)?

  4. cupra said:
    Ozark Bicycle said:
    jtaylor said:

    "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in
    message news:[email hidden]...
    > I'm looking for three data points here:
    >
    > 1) My head struck on object (pavement, vehicle, another cyclist,
    > etc.) whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and I feel the helmet
    > lessened the extent of my injuries.
    >
    > or
    >
    > 2) My head struck on object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet
    > and I doubt it either lessened or worsened the extent of my
    > injuries (i.e., the helmet made no difference).
    >
    > or
    >
    > 3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet
    > and I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.
    >
    > Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above. As
    > simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts only
    > (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies show",
    > "statistics prove", etc.


    <snip>

    It's a (1) for me (hit a rock on a trail, at speed)....

    I'm in Fort Smith at the moment - any good shops I can visit (need new
    shocks)?

    Try Champion Cycling in Ft. Smith. 479-484-7500

    (No connection whatsoever, etc., etc.)

    Hope your head is okay. And enjoy the Ozarks!

  5. Ozark Bicycle said:
    cupra said:
    Ozark Bicycle said:

    jtaylor wrote:
    > "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in
    > message
    > news:[email hidden]...
    >> I'm looking for three data points here:
    >>
    >> 1) My head struck on object (pavement, vehicle, another cyclist,
    >> etc.) whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and I feel the helmet
    >> lessened the extent of my injuries.
    >>
    >> or
    >>
    >> 2) My head struck on object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet
    >> and I doubt it either lessened or worsened the extent of my
    >> injuries (i.e., the helmet made no difference).
    >>
    >> or
    >>
    >> 3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a
    >> helmet and I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.
    >>
    >> Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above.
    >> As simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts
    >> only (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies
    >> show", "statistics prove", etc.


    <snip>

    It's a (1) for me (hit a rock on a trail, at speed)....

    I'm in Fort Smith at the moment - any good shops I can visit (need
    new shocks)?

    Try Champion Cycling in Ft. Smith. 479-484-7500

    (No connection whatsoever, etc., etc.)

    Hope your head is okay. And enjoy the Ozarks!

    Cool - thanks! Only here for work, keep thinking about extending my trips
    here and taking in some of the Ozark trails!

    (as long as it's nice and dry, without the tornado sirens going off!)

  6. On 9 May 2006, Ozark Bicycle <[email hidden]>

    Quoted message said:


    jtaylor said:

    "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    I'm looking for three data points here:

    1) My head struck on object (pavement, vehicle, another cyclist, etc.)
    whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and I feel the helmet lessened
    the extent of my injuries.

    or

    2) My head struck on object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I doubt it either lessened or worsened the extent of my injuries (i.e.,
    the helmet made no difference).

    or

    3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.

    Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above. As
    simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts only
    (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies show",
    "statistics prove", etc.

    Beside the obvious and well-known flaw that self-selected responses are an
    _extremely_ poor way to gather data, you have omitted a whole class of
    instances in which had the cyclist been wearing a helmet, they would have
    struck their head on an object - but because they were not, they did not.

    You say you wish to exclude such instances - is this bias for helmets by
    choice or accident?

    And why do you wish to avoid real studies that have been done that already
    show what is needed to determine the value of helmets and MHLs?

    Which part of "*first hand* accounts only" can't you wrap your mind
    around?

    And are you going to answer the main question? Why do you
    particularly and explicitly want to exclude cases in which the helmet
    made matters worse?

    For what it's worth, I have one 2 and two of the case you're trying to
    exclude (presumably to prove your point).

    regards, Ian SMith
    --
    |\ /| no .sig
    |o o|
    |/ \|

  7. Upon the miasma of midnight, a darkling spirit identified as jtaylor
    <[email hidden]> gently breathed:

    Quoted message said:

    "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    I'm looking for three data points here:

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    1) My head struck on object (pavement, vehicle, another cyclist, etc.)
    whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and I feel the helmet lessened
    the extent of my injuries.

    This isn't going to produce any meaningful data. Most people who are
    wearing something "protective" when an accident happens will
    assume/believe that the item helped them in some way. This applies to
    plastic bike helmets the same way it applies to magical talismans. See
    the recent case of the guy hit by a truck where the police are trying to
    claim that his helmet saved his live even though it was reduced to small
    pieces - i.e. completely destroyed.

    Many years ago I knew a member of a small group of teenage motorcyclists
    who'd come to regard one particular set of panniers as a talisman,
    simply because several of them had crashed while those particular
    panniers were mounted on their motorcycle at the time (they swapped gear
    about quite a lot), and in each case the rider had survived unharmed. In
    reality of course they were all lucky in their crashes, the panniers
    being there was just co-incidence. But this lot believed in them with
    almost religious fervour. They also smoked rather a lot of pot, which
    my have addled their thinking somewhat.

    There is a possible case for wearing helmets off-road, but not
    elsewhere.

    I have a first hand experience where a helmet would have made things
    worse had I been wearing one - a skid on loose gravel while taking a
    bend, bike went out from under me, I fell sideways to the road while
    still moving forward. Managed to avoid bumping my head, just, but had I
    worn a helmet it would have hit the road and twisted my neck via the
    forward motion.

    --
    - DJ Pyromancer, The Sunday Goth Social, Leeds. <http://www.sheepish.net>

    Broadband, Dialup, Domains = <http://www.wytches.net> = The UK's Pagan ISP!
    <http://www.inkubus-sukkubus.co.uk> <http://www.revival.stormshadow.com>

  8. Didn't see the OP.

    jtaylor said:

    "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    I'm looking for three data points here:

    3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.


    I'm a 3. OK the injuries were completely trivial, grazed elbow
    (permanent scarring) and speck of grit in my eye (that counts as a head
    injury) but it only happened because I'd just left the pub on a gravel
    road and hadn't remembered to fasten my helmet (because they are
    uncomfortable so I took it off and only did it up when I was riding)
    and was trying to ride no handed on gravel while doing up my helmet.

    Needless to say, I fell off.

    No helmet, I wouldn't have been riding no handed and so wouldn't have
    been permanently scarred.

    I've also been blinded by sweat running into my eyes while cycling.
    Fortunately only once has this happened to both eyes at once and on no
    occasion did I actually come off or hit anything. Don't know whether
    this counts as a head injury too in which case I've got about 3 or 4
    more 3s to add to your list.

    No 1s or 2s at all.

    Tim.

  9. "Ozark Bicycle" [email hidden]> wrote in message

    Quoted message said:

    news:[email hidden]...


    I'm looking for three data points here:
    1) My head struck on object (pavement, vehicle, another cyclist, etc.)
    whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and I feel the helmet lessened
    the extent of my injuries.
    or

    2) My head struck on object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I doubt it either lessened or worsened the extent of my injuries (i.e.,
    the helmet made no difference).

    or

    3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.

    Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above. As
    simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts only
    (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies show",
    "statistics prove", etc.

    Ozark Bicycle: You are Thompson, Rivara and Thompson, and ICMFP

    If you knew anything about helmet research, you would withdraw the above
    "research" as being completely invalid. If you really were TRT, you will do
    even more "research" to prove the conclusions you had already reached before
    you even did the first "research"

    Never forget: if the facts get in the way of your perceptions, there must be
    something wrong with the facts.

  10. Ian Smith said:

    On 9 May 2006, Ozark Bicycle <[email hidden]>

    Quoted message said:


    jtaylor said:

    "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...
    > I'm looking for three data points here:
    >
    > 1) My head struck on object (pavement, vehicle, another cyclist, etc.)
    > whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and I feel the helmet lessened
    > the extent of my injuries.
    >
    > or
    >
    > 2) My head struck on object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    > I doubt it either lessened or worsened the extent of my injuries (i.e.,
    > the helmet made no difference).
    >
    > or
    >
    > 3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    > I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.
    >
    > Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above. As
    > simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts only
    > (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies show",
    > "statistics prove", etc.

    Beside the obvious and well-known flaw that self-selected responses are an
    _extremely_ poor way to gather data, you have omitted a whole class of
    instances in which had the cyclist been wearing a helmet, they would have
    struck their head on an object - but because they were not, they did not.

    You say you wish to exclude such instances - is this bias for helmets by
    choice or accident?

    And why do you wish to avoid real studies that have been done that already
    show what is needed to determine the value of helmets and MHLs?

    Which part of "*first hand* accounts only" can't you wrap your mind
    around?

    And are you going to answer the main question? Why do you
    particularly and explicitly want to exclude cases in which the helmet
    made matters worse?

    I do not want to exclude those events: see category 3. I do, however,
    want first hand accounts only. Clear enough?

    Quoted message said:

    For what it's worth, I have one 2 and two of the case you're trying to
    exclude (presumably to prove your point).

    regards, Ian SMith
    --
    |\ /| no .sig
    |o o|
    |/ \|

  11. "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > >
    > > 3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a


    helmet and

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > > I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.
    > >
    > > Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above.


    As

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > > simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts only
    > > (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies show",
    > > "statistics prove", etc.
    >
    > Beside the obvious and well-known flaw that self-selected responses


    are an

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > _extremely_ poor way to gather data, you have omitted a whole class


    of

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > instances in which had the cyclist been wearing a helmet, they would


    have

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > struck their head on an object - but because they were not, they did


    not.

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    >
    > You say you wish to exclude such instances - is this bias for


    helmets by

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > choice or accident?
    >
    > And why do you wish to avoid real studies that have been done that


    already

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > show what is needed to determine the value of helmets and MHLs?

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:


    And are you going to answer the main question? Why do you
    particularly and explicitly want to exclude cases in which the helmet
    made matters worse?

    I do not want to exclude those events: see category 3. I do, however,
    want first hand accounts only. Clear enough?

    Your #3 specifically states that the head must have struck an object. You
    were asked (twice) why you wish to exclude insances where an unhelmeted head
    did _not_ strike an object, but would have so done had a helmet been worn.

    Again: Why do you wish to exclude such instances; is this bias for helmets
    by choice or accident?

  12. Burt said:


    3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.

    From the days when I used to wear a helmet:

    I was cycling through a wood, a branch caught in the vent on my helmet
    and wrenched me backwards off the bike, hurting my neck and lower spine
    in the process.

    I was getting ready to go out cycling, put my helmet on, remembered I
    had left my gloves in the kitchen and went back to get them. My helmet
    hit the top of the kitchen door frame giving me quite a severe jolt that
    took a couple of minutes to recover from. I have never hit my head on a
    door frame at home when not wearing a helmet.

    I believe CSPC has documented cases where children have been strangled
    by bike helmets.

    But its all anecdote and does not change the population statistics
    conclusions.

    --
    Tony

    "The best way I know of to win an argument is to start by being in the
    right."
    - Lord Hailsham

  13. "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:


    jtaylor said:

    "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    I'm looking for three data points here:

    1) My head struck on object (pavement, vehicle, another cyclist, etc.)
    whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and I feel the helmet lessened
    the extent of my injuries.

    or

    2) My head struck on object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I doubt it either lessened or worsened the extent of my injuries (i.e.,
    the helmet made no difference).

    or

    3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.

    Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above. As
    simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts only
    (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies show",
    "statistics prove", etc.

    Beside the obvious and well-known flaw that self-selected responses are
    an
    _extremely_ poor way to gather data, you have omitted a whole class of
    instances in which had the cyclist been wearing a helmet, they would have
    struck their head on an object - but because they were not, they did not.

    You say you wish to exclude such instances - is this bias for helmets by
    choice or accident?

    And why do you wish to avoid real studies that have been done that
    already
    show what is needed to determine the value of helmets and MHLs?

    Which part of "*first hand* accounts only" can't you wrap your mind
    around?

    Now, do you have a *first hand* experience to contribute, or are you
    just taking up space?


    Is this just a cultural difference, or do Americans find your response to
    this reasonable point as rude as I do?

    And when did the purpose of these _open forums_ become limited to what
    serves your ends, or meets with your approval. If you can't take
    constructive criticism of what you're doing, then best if you don't parade
    it in public.

  14. jtaylor said:

    "Ozark Bicycle" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > > >
    > > > 3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a


    helmet and

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > > > I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.
    > > >
    > > > Please limit responses to the three scenarios as outlined above.


    As

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > > > simple or as detailed as you like. And, *first hand* accounts only
    > > > (i.e., it happened to you). And no responses of "studies show",
    > > > "statistics prove", etc.
    > >
    > > Beside the obvious and well-known flaw that self-selected responses


    are an

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > > _extremely_ poor way to gather data, you have omitted a whole class


    of

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > > instances in which had the cyclist been wearing a helmet, they would


    have

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > > struck their head on an object - but because they were not, they did


    not.

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > >
    > > You say you wish to exclude such instances - is this bias for


    helmets by

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > > choice or accident?
    > >
    > > And why do you wish to avoid real studies that have been done that


    already

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > > show what is needed to determine the value of helmets and MHLs?
    >

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:


    And are you going to answer the main question? Why do you
    particularly and explicitly want to exclude cases in which the helmet
    made matters worse?

    I do not want to exclude those events: see category 3. I do, however,
    want first hand accounts only. Clear enough?

    Your #3 specifically states that the head must have struck an object. You
    were asked (twice) why you wish to exclude insances where an unhelmeted head
    did _not_ strike an object, but would have so done had a helmet been worn.

    How would you ever know this to be the case?

    Quoted message said:

    Again: Why do you wish to exclude such instances; is this bias for helmets
    by choice or accident?

    You're right! The poll is biased against unhelmeted pinheads, whose
    small heads have the least chance of hitting an object. Sorry

  15. Ozark Bicycle said:
    Quoted message said:

    Your #3 specifically states that the head must have struck an object. You
    were asked (twice) why you wish to exclude insances where an unhelmeted head
    did _not_ strike an object, but would have so done had a helmet been worn.

    How would you ever know this to be the case?

    Precisely. You have just noticed what people have been trying to point
    out to you for some time; your "study" is flawed from the very beginning.

    R.

  16. Richard said:
    Ozark Bicycle said:
    Quoted message said:

    Your #3 specifically states that the head must have struck an object. You
    were asked (twice) why you wish to exclude insances where an unhelmeted head
    did _not_ strike an object, but would have so done had a helmet been worn.

    How would you ever know this to be the case?

    Precisely.

    Then the input would be specious, would it not?

    Quoted message said:

    You have just noticed what people have been trying to point
    out to you for some time; your "study" is flawed from the very beginning.

    "I wasn't wearing a helmet and I didn't hit my head, but if I were
    wearing a helmet, I would have hit my head". Wow.....

  17. Budstaff said:

    Is this just a cultural difference, or do Americans find your
    response to this reasonable point as rude as I do?

    Yes, Ozark was rude to the delicate flower jtaylor. What you apparently
    don't know is the recent history of jtaylor and many others attacking him --
    more often than not in very personal, insulting terms -- for his daring to
    express an OPINION that's counter to theirs.

    BTW, there's a lot of that going on...

  18. Tony Raven said:
    Burt said:


    3) My head struck an object whilst cycling; I was wearing a helmet and
    I feel the helmet worsened the extent of my injuries.

    From the days when I used to wear a helmet:

    I was cycling through a wood, a branch caught in the vent on my helmet
    and wrenched me backwards off the bike, hurting my neck and lower spine
    in the process.

    I was getting ready to go out cycling, put my helmet on, remembered I
    had left my gloves in the kitchen and went back to get them. My helmet
    hit the top of the kitchen door frame giving me quite a severe jolt that
    took a couple of minutes to recover from. I have never hit my head on a
    door frame at home when not wearing a helmet.

    I believe CSPC has documented cases where children have been strangled
    by bike helmets.

    But its all anecdote and does not change the population statistics
    conclusions.

    Dear Tony,

    Come to think of it . . .

    If, as statistics indicate, helmets offer protection against
    comparatively minor injuries, but slightly increase the
    chances of serious long-term brain damage or death . . .

    Then this amusing thread is asking lots of living bicyclists
    who still post to testify against the experiences of a small
    number of dead and brain-damaged former bicyclists.

    I must find an on-line ouija board and investigate.

    Cheers,

    Carl Fogel

  19. Ozark Bicycle said:

    jtaylor wrote:


    [various people wrote, but someone scambled the attributions]

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    > And are you going to answer the main question? Why do you
    > particularly and explicitly want to exclude cases in which the helmet
    > made matters worse?

    I do not want to exclude those events: see category 3. I do, however,
    want first hand accounts only. Clear enough?

    Your #3 specifically states that the head must have struck an object. You
    were asked (twice) why you wish to exclude insances where an unhelmeted head
    did _not_ strike an object, but would have so done had a helmet been worn.

    How would you ever know this to be the case?

    Presumably exactly the same way you 'know' that a helmet improved
    matters if it did strike. That is, you're very happy to accept wild
    speculation about things that didn't happened when it supports the
    notion that helmets are a good idea, but when the opositte view is
    expressed, it seems it must be cast-iron guaranteed incontrovertible
    fact. Strange that.

    In fact, of course, it's much easier to be certain of the case 4 you
    want to exclude than either case 1 or 2. If my head passes at speed a
    stationary object with less clearance than the thickness of a helmet,
    then it is pretty much certain that outcomes would have been worse had
    a helmet been worn - since there would have been an impact to the head
    which did not occur without the helmet.

    You missed another option too - case 5 - I was wearing a helmet and
    was involved in an incident when my head/helmet did not strike an
    object and I believe the helmet made matters worse. I've got one of
    them too.

    regards, Ian SMith
    --
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  20. Ozark Bicycle said:
    Richard said:
    Ozark Bicycle said:

    >Your #3 specifically states that the head must have struck an object. You
    >were asked (twice) why you wish to exclude insances where an unhelmeted head
    >did _not_ strike an object, but would have so done had a helmet been worn.

    How would you ever know this to be the case?

    Precisely.

    Then the input would be specious, would it not?

    Actually, yes, but rather less specious than all the responses to your
    suggested cases - it's easier to be confident of the case you want to
    exclude than the cases you want to include.

    Why do you want to count those completely specious cases, and ignore
    this rather less specious one?

    regards, Ian SMith
    --
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    |o o|
    |/ \|

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