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Frame failure (with pictures)

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Cycling Equipment
Published
4 June 2006
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11 June 2006
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Phil, Squid-in-Training
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  1. Note: linked pictures are rather large

    We were on our fast club ride this past Thursday. The trailing rider fell
    victim to low-spoke-count wheels and a separated tire tread on the side of
    the road.

    The bike in question is a Giant TCR C3, an all-carbon frame with an
    aluminum-steerer fork. It also is equipped with Xero 20-count paired-spoke
    front wheels.

    http://plaza.ufl.edu/phillee/rbt/bc2.jpg

    The piece of tire tread (about 2 feet long, and roughly 8 inches wide) may
    have been kicked up by riders just ahead of him. The separated tread caught
    up in the wheel and traveled up to the fork, where it stopped suddenly,
    leaving a rubber streak on the back side of the fork well below where the
    bicycle tire could have been.

    http://plaza.ufl.edu/phillee/rbt/bc1.jpg

    At that point, the frame probably bent back far enough to hit the downtube,
    upon which the toptube might have then broken.

    http://plaza.ufl.edu/phillee/rbt/bc5.jpg
    http://plaza.ufl.edu/phillee/rbt/bc7.jpg

    Part of the downtube broke also.

    http://plaza.ufl.edu/phillee/rbt/bc6.jpg
    http://plaza.ufl.edu/phillee/rbt/bc8.jpg

    All downtube portions of the bike were still connected via fibers
    immediately after the crash. The top tube was not. The EMTs broke off the
    part of the downtube that is separated in the pictures.

    The wheels are still perfectly true, and the front wheel has a bend near the
    nipples:
    http://plaza.ufl.edu/julialee/rbt/bc3.jpg

    With the downtube broken, the top tube then probably took the majority of
    the load and also broke.

    You can see the air bladder thingy that Giant uses to inflate their frames
    during construction.

    Rider sustained some broken facial bones, a concussion, and minor cuts. He
    is doing well currently.

    --
    Phil

  2. are you saying the downtube snapped because the front wheel locked up, or because the wheel jammed so hard that it hit the downtube; or because the piece of car tyre hit the downtube?

    when you say he fell victum to a low spoke count, are you suggesting that the piece of tyre wouldn't have got stuck in a 32 spoke wheel?

    I'm a little unclear on this 🙂

  3. 531Aussie said:

    are you saying the downtube snapped because the front wheel jammed, or
    because the wheel jammed so hard that it hit the downtube?

    The latter. We've all seen intact alu/steel frames that can/will impact the
    front wheel.
    --
    Phil

  4. Phil said:

    We were on our fast club ride this past Thursday. The trailing rider fell
    victim to low-spoke-count wheels and a separated tire tread on the side of
    the road.

    Quoted message said:

    The piece of tire tread (about 2 feet long, and roughly 8 inches wide) may
    have been kicked up by riders just ahead of him. The separated tread caught
    up in the wheel and traveled up to the fork, where it stopped suddenly,
    leaving a rubber streak on the back side of the fork well below where the
    bicycle tire could have been.

    Quoted message said:

    Rider sustained some broken facial bones, a concussion, and minor cuts. He
    is doing well currently.

    This is one of the scary things about pace line riding. A friend had the
    same thing this year with a stick (kicked into his front wheel by the
    preceding bike). I'm amazed by how few riders seem to be unaware of this
    hazard and blithely run over debris when pace lining.

  5. In article <kZtgg.83147$IZ2.3403@dukeread07>,
    "Phil, Squid-in-Training" <[email hidden]>

    Quoted message said:
    531Aussie said:

    are you saying the downtube snapped because the front wheel jammed,
    or because the wheel jammed so hard that it hit the downtube?

    The latter. We've all seen intact alu/steel frames that can/will
    impact the front wheel.

    Well, that's the thing. Metal bends. Carbon fiber breaks. I hope the
    rider heals up well. Broken facial bones can make eating a painful deal
    for a long time.

  6. Phil said:

    Note: linked pictures are rather large

    We were on our fast club ride this past Thursday. The trailing rider fell
    victim to low-spoke-count wheels and a separated tire tread on the side of
    the road.

    The same thing happened on a ride I was on. It is basically a freak
    accident, the debris in question then was a piece of alu siding, that
    just looked like paper on the road.

    The fork and front wheel were relatively undamaged, but when the rider
    was pitched up the alu frame sheared at the top tube and buckled at the
    down tube.

    The rider was using low spoke count wheels, so you could argue that
    having more spokes may prevent debris from entering your wheel, but
    otherwise you can't fault the bike's design or materials.

  7. Tim McNamara said:

    Well, that's the thing. Metal bends. Carbon fiber breaks.

    Mostly true, but the lightest metal frames would break too -- or bend to
    the point of complete collapse, with the same result.

    The problem is not the material, but shaving weight to the point where
    there's no margin for error.

    Matt O.

  8. "Matt O'Toole" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:
    Tim McNamara said:

    Well, that's the thing. Metal bends. Carbon fiber breaks.

    Mostly true, but the lightest metal frames would break too -- or bend to
    the point of complete collapse, with the same result.

    The problem is not the material, but shaving weight to the point where
    there's no margin for error.

    Matt O.

    I'm not sure how a lightweight frame snapping is less good than a heavy
    frame buckling. A stick through the spokes (however many) still sends you
    flying over the bars and likely writes-off the frame. It is thankfully rare
    for things to go through the spokes, but when it does it's typically rider
    launch time.

    I've seen 'chunky' steel frames with bent forks and strangely steep head
    angles.

    Skippy
    E&OE

  9. On 4 Jun 2006 08:52:04 -0700, [email hidden] wrote:

    [snip]

    Quoted message said:

    The same thing happened on a ride I was on. It is basically a freak
    accident, the debris in question then was a piece of alu siding, that
    just looked like paper on the road.

    The fork and front wheel were relatively undamaged, but when the rider
    was pitched up the alu frame sheared at the top tube and buckled at the
    down tube.

    The rider was using low spoke count wheels, so you could argue that
    having more spokes may prevent debris from entering your wheel, but
    otherwise you can't fault the bike's design or materials.

    There have been a number of times recently that I've had something (a
    branch, usually) slap against the side of a wheel and get knocked away
    without damage. On the other hand, the number of times that I've had
    something get jammed in the spokes is very small; just twice, in 40+
    years of riding 36-spoke wheels. The only spokejams I've seen in
    person in the past several years were both on low-count wheels. (Not
    mine, naturally.) For some time, and for multiple reasons, I have
    been of the opinion that low-count wheels are not a good idea for
    ordinary riding, and this merely bolsters that impression.
    --
    Typoes are a feature, not a bug.
    Some gardening required to reply via email.
    Words processed in a facility that contains nuts.

  10. Forks are now much stronger relative to frames than they used to be. If that
    had been a steel frame and fork then you would probably have a considerably
    bent fork and a few small ripples on the underside of the top and down
    tubes. Here you seem to have an undamaged fork and a completely destroyed
    frame.

    Nick

  11. Werehatrack said:

    On 4 Jun 2006 08:52:04 -0700, [email hidden] wrote:

    [snip]

    Quoted message said:

    The same thing happened on a ride I was on. It is basically a freak
    accident, the debris in question then was a piece of alu siding, that
    just looked like paper on the road.

    The fork and front wheel were relatively undamaged, but when the
    rider was pitched up the alu frame sheared at the top tube and
    buckled at the down tube.

    The rider was using low spoke count wheels, so you could argue that
    having more spokes may prevent debris from entering your wheel, but
    otherwise you can't fault the bike's design or materials.

    There have been a number of times recently that I've had something (a
    branch, usually) slap against the side of a wheel and get knocked away
    without damage. On the other hand, the number of times that I've had
    something get jammed in the spokes is very small; just twice, in 40+
    years of riding 36-spoke wheels. The only spokejams I've seen in
    person in the past several years were both on low-count wheels. (Not
    mine, naturally.) For some time, and for multiple reasons, I have
    been of the opinion that low-count wheels are not a good idea for
    ordinary riding, and this merely bolsters that impression.

    Yeah, me too. My road bike came with those same wheels and I chucked 'em.
    My 32h do nicely.

    Another data point: we were riding at about 27mph at the time, so the energy
    dissipated is about 2.5 times more than a typical rider riding at 17mph.

    --
    Phil

  12. Nick Payne said:

    Forks are now much stronger relative to frames than they used to be.
    If that had been a steel frame and fork then you would probably have
    a considerably bent fork and a few small ripples on the underside of
    the top and down tubes. Here you seem to have an undamaged fork and a
    completely destroyed frame.

    Nick

    Yes - as far as I can see, the fork appears untouched, save for the rubber
    streak.

    One might say, however, that the carbon frame is weaker than a steel frame.
    What would happen if the carbon fork were on a steel frame? Would the steel
    frame fail similarly? Either way, I don't know.

    --
    Phil

  13. Phil, Squid-in-Training wrote:

    -snip-

    Quoted message said:


    All downtube portions of the bike were still connected via fibers
    immediately after the crash. The top tube was not. The EMTs broke off the
    part of the downtube that is separated in the pictures.


    -snip-

    Phil

    Why did the EMTs touch the bike? Was the rider entangled w/ the bike,
    or did he launch right over, leaving it behind?

    Curious, John

  14. john said:

    Phil, Squid-in-Training wrote:

    -snip-

    Quoted message said:


    All downtube portions of the bike were still connected via fibers
    immediately after the crash. The top tube was not. The EMTs broke
    off the part of the downtube that is separated in the pictures.


    -snip-

    Phil

    Why did the EMTs touch the bike? Was the rider entangled w/ the bike,
    or did he launch right over, leaving it behind?

    Curious, John

    The EMTs were going to take it to the ER with him. They were trying to
    store it in the ambulance's side-panel storage, folding the frame over so
    the wheels were parallel to each other, thus breaking the downtube fully.
    They said, "there's no security for this bike... it will be left outside the
    ER where he'll be." I said, "nuh-uh" and called a friend to drive me and
    his and my bike back to the bike shop.
    --
    Phil

  15. Phil said:

    Note: linked pictures are rather large

    Quoted message said:

    We were on our fast club ride this past Thursday. The trailing rider
    fell victim to low-spoke-count wheels and a separated tire tread on
    the side of the road. .. The piece of tire tread (about 2 feet long,
    and roughly 8 inches wide) may have been kicked up by riders just
    ahead of him. The separated tread caught up in the wheel and
    traveled up to the fork, where it stopped suddenly, leaving a rubber
    streak on the back side of the fork well below where the bicycle tire
    could have been.

    This happens all the time with my steel bike. Sometimes, even
    multiple riders get giant chunks of rubber stuck in their wheels.
    It's gotten so bad that we even take turns reaching down to grab
    chunks of tire rubber and chuck them into each others' 36-count spoke
    wheels to see what happens, all the time laughing our heads off at
    those silly low-spoke count carbon fiber babies .... as the tire
    bounces harmlessly off our 36-spoke wheels ... *grin* ...

    - Don Gillies
    San Diego, CA

  16. Phil said:
    Nick Payne said:

    Forks are now much stronger relative to frames than they used to be.
    If that had been a steel frame and fork then you would probably have
    a considerably bent fork and a few small ripples on the underside of
    the top and down tubes. Here you seem to have an undamaged fork and a
    completely destroyed frame.

    Nick

    Yes - as far as I can see, the fork appears untouched, save for the rubber
    streak.

    One might say, however, that the carbon frame is weaker than a steel frame.
    What would happen if the carbon fork were on a steel frame? Would the steel
    frame fail similarly? Either way, I don't know.

    I believe the steel frame WOULD fail similarly. Personal experience
    suggests so:
    http://home.comcast.net/~lines_tim/poor_schwinn.JPG

  17. Tim Lines said:
    Phil said:

    Nick Payne wrote:

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:


    One might say, however, that the carbon frame is weaker than a steel frame.
    What would happen if the carbon fork were on a steel frame? Would the steel
    frame fail similarly? Either way, I don't know.

    I believe the steel frame WOULD fail similarly. Personal experience
    suggests so:
    http://home.comcast.net/~lines_tim/poor_schwinn.JPG

    On the contrary, your photo shows precisely not that: bending but not
    breaking apart. That's what you want in a bicycle frame failure, not
    what happened with the carbon fiber reinforced resin frame.

  18. Matt O'Toole said:

    Mostly true, but the lightest metal frames would break too -- or bend to
    the point of complete collapse, with the same result.

    The problem is not the material, but shaving weight to the point where
    there's no margin for error.

    Similar but not quite... many years ago I was riding a Klein in a crit
    and a rider ahead of me clipped a plastic cone which marked the course.
    It lazily spun around and ended up getting stuck between my front wheel
    and frame. I did a quick headplant, and the bike soared into the air
    (20-30ft according to witnesses)... but the bike, the fork, and the
    front wheel were all straight and true. Of course having the cone stuck
    in there would have kept the fork from bending back.

    Still think that Klein was amazingly tough... since it experienced at
    least a dozen hard crashes without structural damage... and weighed
    only 3.5lbs with bottom bracket.

  19. 41 said:
    Tim Lines said:
    Phil said:

    Nick Payne wrote:

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:


    One might say, however, that the carbon frame is weaker than a steel frame.
    What would happen if the carbon fork were on a steel frame? Would the steel
    frame fail similarly? Either way, I don't know.

    I believe the steel frame WOULD fail similarly. Personal experience
    suggests so:
    http://home.comcast.net/~lines_tim/poor_schwinn.JPG

    On the contrary, your photo shows precisely not that: bending but not
    breaking apart. That's what you want in a bicycle frame failure, not
    what happened with the carbon fiber reinforced resin frame.

    Well in that case I am pretty sure that the owner of that Schwinn made
    a comparable crash ^^

    But indeed, CF breakage is scary. I have seen CF go in ways I never
    have seen with Steel and Alu. I'm prepared to believe CF has the same
    risk of failure as Steel and Alu, but when it goes... it tends to go
    all the way.

  20. 41 said:

    bending but not breaking apart. That's what
    you want in a bicycle frame failure,

    Why?

    JT

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