There are two needs:
1. Quick and easy, lightweight for short stops while doing errands and shopping
2. Heavy, stronger, and more complex for all day parking un-attended.
I think CBS09 is addressing the first need because that is when people cannot be bothered to lock up. 'I will only be a few minutes, I will take the chance'. The thieves are watching. They will not break a lock, but will ride off on an unlocked bike 5 seconds after you are out of sight. Forty years ago you could get a horseshoe shaped device that bolted onto the caliper brake bolt. Depressing a lever slid out a curved bolt that completes a circle around the rim making the bike un-ridable. They were cheap pressed metal with a rudimentary key. The key was only removed when locked. Unlocking was nothing more than inserting the key and turning it causing the sliding bolt to spring back into the horseshoe.
They may still exist as the original, or may be available in modern materials and technology. They will not prevent the bike from being carried away, but it's always there
? A light retractable cable inside a housing bolted to the bike. Key is only removed when locked. Pull out the cable, wrap around a tree or post, click the end into the 'lock hole' in the housing and remove key. To unlock insert key and turn...the cable should self-retract and your'e off.
An ultra-light fake cable...outer plastic tube, inner layer of faux cable, and a core of nylon rope...it looks like a 15mm steel cable but it's not.🙂
An alarm disguised as a handlebar end plug, or hidden in the seatpost, or up the bottom of the steering head. Could be activated by motion, by holding both grips at the same time, by turning the crank, or sitting on the saddle. Could also be incorporated into the horse shoe, retractable, or any other bike mounted lock to activate if the cable is cut or the lock tampered with.
+2 For vspa's suggestion for the all-day lock!