When considering the relationship between crank length and power output, do shorter cranks help avoid creeping into Zone 3 by allowing riders to maintain a higher cadence and lower torque output, or is this simply a matter of individual rider biomechanics and pedaling technique? In other words, can shorter cranks serve as a mechanical governor to prevent riders from overexerting themselves and entering the higher intensity zones, or do they merely shift the problem to a different part of the pedal stroke?
Furthermore, how do factors such as rider size, muscle fiber type, and training background influence the effectiveness of shorter cranks in preventing Zone 3 incursions? Are there certain types of riders or riding styles that are more or less suited to shorter cranks, and if so, what are the key characteristics that determine this suitability?
Additionally, what role do other bike fit parameters, such as saddle height and handlebar position, play in determining the effectiveness of shorter cranks in preventing Zone 3 incursions? Can a rider with a well-fitted bike and optimized pedaling technique still benefit from shorter cranks, or are these other factors more important in determining the riders ability to stay within their target intensity zone?
Finally, are there any potential drawbacks or trade-offs to using shorter cranks, such as reduced power output or increased fatigue, and if so, how do these compare to the potential benefits of avoiding Zone 3 incursions?