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who knows about wool?

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UK and Europe
Published
17 November 2003
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19 November 2003
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Terry
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  1. anyone here know about the properties of wool , or point me to a good source?

    I remain convinced that fine soft wool is the best baselayer.Even if there are new materials that
    wick almost as well they do not seem as warm.Without a windproof top wool seems to dry about as fast
    as anything could. If you put a silk layer under it and goretex over it is really warm and then you
    can open the jacket for a blast of cold air if you want.

    But I am really intrigued by this rumour that wool performs as well wet or dry, or even better wet,
    hence the scots tale of soaking their plaid before wrapping up for the night.

    I suspect that wool is being sidelined in the specialist outdoor and sport shops because the
    manufacturers are making more money from patented cheaper to produce fibres that they then hype
    .The coca cola/Ratner approach.Get people to want it then we are right to give it to them however
    [censored] it is.

    Is less money to be made by the multinational companies by developing and selling wool products they
    cannot patent?

    In particular I want to know how it could be that wet blankets work better than dry.That is very
    relevant to all of us outdoors in winter, especially in extreme cold.

    TerryJ

  2. "Terry" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    anyone here know about the properties of wool , or point me to a good source?

    I remain convinced that fine soft wool is the best baselayer.Even if there are new materials that
    wick almost as well they do not seem as warm.Without a windproof top wool seems to dry about as
    fast as anything could.

    Seems to work for sheep.

    T

  3. Terry said:

    I remain convinced that fine soft wool is the best baselayer.

    Is or was? Things have moved on for the better, IMO.

    Quoted message said:

    Even if there are new materials that wick almost as well they do not seem as warm.Without a
    windproof top wool seems to dry about as fast as anything could.

    Have you (or anyone) actually tested that by drying the two types of similar-thickness garments
    simultanously in the same conditions?

    Frabric with man made fibres dries extremely quickly because the fibres can't absorb water (water
    only sits on the outsides). Wool's natural oils help provide the same function but to what extent
    does it work (and stay working)?

    /snip

    Quoted message said:

    I suspect that wool is being sidelined in the specialist outdoor and sport shops because the
    manufacturers are making more money from patented cheaper to produce fibres that they then hype
    .The coca cola/Ratner approach.Get people to want it then we are right to give it to them however
    [censored] it is.

    The polyester products are cheaper to make so they are easier to sell. An additional advantage is
    that they are extremely easy to wash and they hold their shape indefinitely. They're extremely
    light as well.

    I find them warm enough - sometimes too warm - so on balance, just right. For the sake of
    versatility and adjustability at least, it's better to use more insulation or wind proofing over the
    base layer rather than rely on base itself if you need more warmth. Actually I have a warmer base
    layer but I don't like to use it at all now - even in the very coldest weather. I prefer to simply
    add more layers instead.

    ~PB

  4. mae <[email hidden]> wedi ysgrifennu:

    Quoted message said:

    "Terry" <[email hidden]> wrote in message

    Quoted message said:

    Seems to work for sheep.

    Funnily enough I've just come back from my lunchtime ride and can confirm that 100% of the Welsh
    Mountain sheep I encountered were wearing wool. Next time I can ask them what they'd be wearing if
    they had a choice, if you like.

    --
    Rob

    Please keep conversations in the newsgroup so that all may contribute and benefit.

  5. "Terry" wrote ...

    Quoted message said:

    anyone here know about the properties of wool , or point me to a good source?


    www.rivendellbicycles.com , www.ibexwear.com

    Quoted message said:


    I remain convinced that fine soft wool is the best baselayer.Even if there are new materials that
    wick almost as well they do not seem as warm.Without a windproof top wool seems to dry about as
    fast as anything could. If you put a silk layer under it and goretex over it is really warm and
    then you can open the jacket for a blast of cold air if you want.

    I agree that it is a very good base layer, with a wider comfort range than my synthetic garments.
    It seems just as warm, but I don't think it wicks as well. The result is that my skin does not dry
    out as fast.

    Quoted message said:


    But I am really intrigued by this rumour that wool performs as well wet or dry, or even better
    wet, hence the scots tale of soaking their plaid before wrapping up for the night.

    Haven't heard this. IME, it performs almost as well in retaining insulating properties as the better
    synthetics.

    Quoted message said:


    I suspect that wool is being sidelined in the specialist outdoor and sport shops because the
    manufacturers are making more money from patented cheaper to produce fibres that they then hype
    .The coca cola/Ratner approach.Get people to want it then we are right to give it to them however
    [censored] it is.

    Synthetics are cheaper and easier to work with, and can be made in a wider range of colors,
    especially the bright, splashy colors favored by sponsors of cycling teams for their jerseys.
    Synthetics are also easier to clean,
    IME. High quality natural fibers of any kind are expensive and labor intensive to produce, making a
    synthetic that performs nearly as well and is easier/cheaper to make a very attractive option.

    Quoted message said:


    Is less money to be made by the multinational companies by developing and selling wool products
    they cannot patent?

    Probably.

    Quoted message said:


    In particular I want to know how it could be that wet blankets work better than dry.That is very
    relevant to all of us outdoors in winter, especially in extreme cold.

    Before Gore-Tex arrived on scene, the fabric of choice for the outer layer was 60/40 cloth, a mix of
    60% cotton and 40% polyester. When the fabric got wet, the cotton fibers would swell and create a
    windproof, waterproof outer layer. Ski lift maintenance people in the US still wear cotton outer
    layers (Carhartt) for this reason, and Carradice and Rivendell still make panniers, seat bags, etc.
    for bicycles for this reason. It's possible that the Scots tale you heard is based on the same
    principle. Were the Scotsmen in question sleeping outdoors or in unheated buildings?

    HTH,
    --
    mark

  6. Terry said:

    I remain convinced that fine soft wool is the best baselayer.

    It rather depends how one defines "best", to some degree...

    Quoted message said:

    there are new materials that wick almost as well they do not seem as warm.

    But when the job is keeping the sweat induced discomfort down to a minimum, warm is not good! Hence
    my "define best" comment...

    But certainly fine quality merino wools are just as good as anything out there if you want a quality
    technical baseleyer that's reasonably warm. Which is why more and more companies, including those
    supplying synthetic wicking tops, are now producing merino wool shirts too.

    Quoted message said:

    But I am really intrigued by this rumour that wool performs as well wet or dry, or even better
    wet, hence the scots tale of soaking their plaid before wrapping up for the night.

    This is bollox (tm). Insulation in clothes usually works works by trapping layers of air which
    doesn't move: static air is a *very* good insulator. Trapping layers of static water works too
    (which is how a wet suit works, of course) but water conducts heat better than air, so though it
    works to a degree it does *not* work as well.

    Quoted message said:

    I suspect that wool is being sidelined in the specialist outdoor and sport shops

    Look around. Good quality merino wool is practically The Big New Thing if you look at current
    marketing!

    Quoted message said:

    In particular I want to know how it could be that wet blankets work better than dry.

    See above, they don't. But they'll probably work better than nothing at all, especially if you're
    wet as well as the blanket.

    Pete.
    --
    Peter Clinch University of Dundee Tel 44 1382 660111 ext. 33637 Medical Physics, Ninewells Hospital
    Fax 44 1382 640177 Dundee DD1 9SY Scotland UK net [email hidden]
    dundee.ac.uk~pjclinch

  7. "mark" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:


    Before Gore-Tex arrived on scene, the fabric of choice for the outer layer was 60/40 cloth, a mix
    of 60% cotton and 40% polyester.

    No, it was 100% long staple cotton known as Ventile - developed for immersion suits for pilots that
    had to ditch in the sea in WWII. The polyester yarn actually lengthens when wet - as in nylon
    flysheets, so doesn't become as waterproof as the cotton which expands and tightens up the weave.

  8. Pete Biggs said:

    Is or was? Things have moved on for the better, IMO.

    There's wool and there's wool. The best wools (according to the technical outdoor manufacturers
    that's pure merino wools from NZ) really are held to be at least as good as any synthetics for
    many things, though note that isn't *all* things. I can't see why I'd want a toasty merino
    baselayer when it's 25 degrees and sunny going up a beast of a hill and I'm sweating almost as
    fast as I can drink...

    Pete.
    --
    Peter Clinch University of Dundee Tel 44 1382 660111 ext. 33637 Medical Physics, Ninewells Hospital
    Fax 44 1382 640177 Dundee DD1 9SY Scotland UK net [email hidden]
    dundee.ac.uk~pjclinch

  9. mark said:

    Before Gore-Tex arrived on scene, the fabric of choice for the outer layer was 60/40 cloth, a mix
    of 60% cotton and 40% polyester. When the fabric got wet, the cotton fibers would swell and create
    a windproof, waterproof outer layer.

    I think you're thinking of ventile, 100% fine cotton. And it wasn't always the fabric of choice:
    many people used unbreathable PU coated nylon, which aside from being cheaper had many advantages.
    You might have sweated buckets in it, but at least the outside skin didn't get soaked through and
    freeze like cardboard if you walked through the freezing level to the same extent.

    Quoted message said:

    Ski lift maintenance people in the US still wear cotton outer layers

    As do lots of polar users, but they aren't getting wet so there's no need to deal with liquid water
    getting in. It just has to be windproof enough and breathable enough to let vapour out.

    Quoted message said:

    (Carhartt) for this reason, and Carradice and Rivendell still make panniers, seat bags, etc. for
    bicycles for this reason.

    That's cotton duck, another different fabric, but it is the same principle (and works very well, but
    again bike panniers don't often restrict you by getting cardy going from wet to frozen...)

    IIRC 60/40 was cotton/nylon (can't remember which was the 60%), a general purpose cloth: reasonably
    waterproof (but not completely), reasonably fast drying, and reasonably tough high performance
    polycottons too, like Rohan's "Airlight", which again isn't waterproof but makes for a good outdoor
    shell layer in many circumstances when it isn't really tipping it down with liquid rain.

    Pete.
    --
    Peter Clinch University of Dundee Tel 44 1382 660111 ext. 33637 Medical Physics, Ninewells Hospital
    Fax 44 1382 640177 Dundee DD1 9SY Scotland UK net [email hidden]
    dundee.ac.uk~pjclinch

  10. Tony W said:

    "Terry" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    anyone here know about the properties of wool , or point me to a good source?

    I remain convinced that fine soft wool is the best baselayer.Even if there are new materials that
    wick almost as well they do not seem as warm.Without a windproof top wool seems to dry about as
    fast as anything could.

    Quoted message said:

    Seems to work for sheep.

    But only works for people if you keep the sheep oils in the wool, which the best fisherman's jerseys
    do, but the wool fashion market objects to oily wool. Makes the wearer smell like a sheep sh*gger,
    so they as know suggest.

    --
    Chris Malcolm [email hidden] +44 (0)131 651 3445 DoD #205 IPAB, Informatics, JCMB, King's
    Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, UK ["]http://www.dai.ed.ac.uk/homes/cam/]

  11. Peter Clinch <[email hidden]>typed

    Quoted message said:

    like Rohan's "Airlight", which again isn't waterproof but makes for a good outdoor shell layer in
    many circumstances when it isn't really tipping it down with liquid rain.

    I think they call solid rain by other names round here...

    --
    Helen D. Vecht: [email hidden] Edgware.

  12. "Terry" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    anyone here know about the properties of wool , or point me to a good source?

    I remain convinced that fine soft wool is the best baselayer.Even if there are new materials
    that wick almost as well they do not seem as warm.Without a windproof top wool seems to dry
    about as fast as

    I don't know the science but I do know I won't be buying wool again (on the bike or off it).

    Chlorfibre base layer, fleece of various thickness depending on weather and Altura waterproof outer
    does it for me. If It's likely to be very cold I put on a wooly Buffalo.

    Synthetics - I love them.

    John

  13. Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    I remain convinced that fine soft wool is the best baselayer.

    But certainly fine quality merino wools are just as good as anything out there if you want a
    quality technical baseleyer that's reasonably warm. Which is why more and more companies,
    including those supplying synthetic wicking tops, are now producing merino wool shirts too. Look
    around. Good quality merino wool is practically The Big New Thing if you look at current
    marketing!

    Thanks all for the mix of opinions which is what I got in discussion with climbers and
    other cyclists.

    I have not come across these new products yet.

    What you choose to wear will depend on many things- cost, washing ,durability feel on the
    skin,fashion.Rarely will we really need to seek the very finest performance.Even when it's very cold
    I usually find even a cotton shirt and goretex suit enough for active cycling. But the other week I
    went cycling and camping in Wales when the temp fell to minus 7c in our field at night acc to uor
    thermometer.So we needed a wide range of performance from our kit, and were pleased with the wool
    when we put it on.

    I agree the warm when wet story sounds bollox but it has been said for a long time.I wondered
    whether there was some theory involving energy release as fibres recurled when drying or water
    bonding and unbonding to the fibres with energy release , or something....

    I think if there is a problem with this nearly perfect material it is that it gets heavy and droops
    when wet.The old wool serge battledress did not seem to do that though.Perhaps it had a lot of nylon
    in it to hold it together.

    Lastly I must, on deep reflection, admit to a preference for a product that supports hill farmers
    and new zealanders rather than the oil and petrochemical industry.

    terryJ

  14. Quoted message said:

    Funnily enough I've just come back from my lunchtime ride and can confirm that 100% of the Welsh
    Mountain sheep I encountered were wearing wool. Next time I can ask them what they'd be wearing if
    they had a choice, if you like.

    Actually evolution has made many choices down the years and this is what the fittest sheep
    wear.Though they don't cycle much. TerryJ

  15. "Eatmorepies" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:


    "Terry" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:

    anyone here know about the properties of wool , or point me to a good source?

    I remain convinced that fine soft wool is the best baselayer.Even if there are new materials
    that wick almost as well they do not seem as warm.Without a windproof top wool seems to dry
    about as fast as

    I don't know the science but I do know I won't be buying wool again (on


    the

    Quoted message said:

    bike or off it).

    Chlorfibre base layer, fleece of various thickness depending on weather


    and

    Quoted message said:

    Altura waterproof outer does it for me. If It's likely to be very cold I


    put

    Quoted message said:

    on a wooly Buffalo.

    Synthetics - I love them.

    John

    And what about the pollution caused by their production? They all come from the
    petro-chemical industry.

  16. rifleman said:

    "Eatmorepies" <[email hidden]> wrote in message
    "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:
    Quoted message said:

    Synthetics - I love them.

    And what about the pollution caused by their production? They all come from the petro-chemical
    industry.

    Yes, and merino wool is shipped all the way from New Zealand, what about that pollution?

    My pollution's bigger than your pollution! [1]

    Colin
    1. It probably isn't but my point is that neither product is pollution free.
    --

  17. Terry said:

    What you choose to wear will depend on many things- cost, washing ,durability feel on the
    skin,fashion.Rarely will we really need to seek the very finest performance.Even when it's very
    cold I usually find even a cotton shirt and goretex suit enough for active cycling.

    I think you'll find you can get *far* more comfortable than that, quite easily. Despite what Gore's
    marketing department may wish you to believe, Goretex has a *long* way to go yet on the
    breathability stakes and doing anything active in it, like cycling for long stretches, will quite
    easily produce more vapour than will pass through it, even in ideal conditions. And cotton actively
    absorbs moisture, so anything that doesn't get through the Goretex will stick in your shirt. Try a
    wicking top (synthetic or wool) with a less waterproof but more breathable outer and I think you'll
    find comfort levels will increase a lot if it isn't total stair rods all day. 100% waterproof in the
    long term has a place if you're in pouring rain for hours on end, but most people here (judging from
    previous discussions) find something with fairly high rain resistance like Windstopper Soft Shell
    (formerly Activent) or even plain Pertex will keep out *enough* rain not to cool you off too much
    while not causing overheating. The recent interest in "soft shells", which keep out *most* rain and
    dry out fast, is indicative that the traditional totally waterproof shells aren't quite all they're
    cracked up to be when it comes to comfort outside of long term, heavy rain.

    Quoted message said:

    I agree the warm when wet story sounds bollox but it has been said for a long time.

    Warm when wet is *not* bollox (tm). What *is* bollox (tm) is that warm when wet will be as warm as
    when dry. It won't, but as long as it's warm *enough*, that doesn't matter.

    Quoted message said:

    I wondered whether there was some theory involving energy release as fibres recurled when drying
    or water bonding and unbonding to the fibres with energy release , or something....

    No need for all of that. The water is trapped in the weave where it is gradually heated by the body
    and provides a warm layer that stays put. The problem comes if the layer moves around, moving heat
    away with it, and allowing fresh (and cold) water in to replace what goes.

    Quoted message said:

    I think if there is a problem with this nearly perfect material it is that it gets heavy and
    droops when wet.

    Anything stretchy will if it's holding water in its weave, but make it a fine weave and it won't
    hold as much water and thus not sag so much... The obvious problems are high quality wool costs Real
    Money and unlike silk (or Coolmax etc.) it isn't really cool when it's warm.

    Quoted message said:

    Lastly I must, on deep reflection, admit to a preference for a product that supports hill farmers
    and new zealanders rather than the oil and petrochemical industry.

    All other things being equal, yes, though all other things aren't. Fit, availability and price do
    rather enter it, though I'll be investigating merino wool base layers to add to my synthetics
    collection. Good base layers are difficult to have too many of!

    Pete.
    --
    Peter Clinch University of Dundee Tel 44 1382 660111 ext. 33637 Medical Physics, Ninewells Hospital
    Fax 44 1382 640177 Dundee DD1 9SY Scotland UK net [email hidden]
    dundee.ac.uk~pjclinch

  18. "Peter Clinch" <[email hidden]> wrote in message "]news:[email hidden]...

    Quoted message said:


    All other things being equal, yes, though all other things aren't. Fit, availability and price do
    rather enter it, though I'll be investigating merino wool base layers to add to my synthetics
    collection. Good base layers are difficult to have too many of!

    have a look here: they do woollen vests and longjohns at reasonable prices.
    jopasco.comindex.html

  19. Peter Clinch said:

    The obvious problems are high quality wool costs Real Money and unlike silk (or Coolmax etc.) it
    isn't really cool when it's warm.

    Also, I have never tried on a wooly thing that doesn't itch once I get warm and sweaty, whatever
    claims the manufacturer makes. (high tech Merino socks are OK except for the bit above the ankle
    where the boot presses on the leg; that itches when I get too warm )

    Roos (who stopped knitting homespun pullovers when she realised that she doesn't *like*
    wearing wool)

  20. Peter Clinch <[email hidden]> wrote:
    : Try a [snip] less waterproof but more breathable outer and I think you'll find comfort levels
    : will increase a lot if it isn't total stair rods all day.

    I recently bought a Gore PacLite jacket for cycling. Cost lots (160 quid for a jacket with no
    pockets, hoods or other things that both bump up the cost and are useless for cycling).

    I'm now a very happy bunny indeed. It's very, very nice in winter. Scrunches small enough to fit
    into a jersey pocket, waterproof and seems to breathe well enough.

    For summer use I've now pretty much stopped carrying a waterproof at all and just carry a
    WindStopper gillet. Packs to nothing and keeps the torso warm and surprisingly dry.

    Arthur

    --
    Arthur Clune clune.orgclune.org "Technolibertarians make a philosophy out of a personality defect"
    - Paulina Borsook

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