Noda Y, Kaneyuki T, Igarashi K, Mori A, Packer L
Antioxidant activity of nasunin, an anthocyanin in eggplant. [Journal
Article]
Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 1998 Nov; 102(2) :175-87.
Delphinidine-3-(p-coumaroylrutinoside)-5-glucoside (nasunin), an
anthocyanin was isolated as purple colored crystals from eggplant
peels, Solanum melongena L. 'Chouja'. Using an electron spin resonance
spectrometer and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), spin
trapping, hydroxyl (.OH) or superoxide anion radicals (02*-) generated
by the Fenton reaction or the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system
were measured as DMPO-OH or DMPO-OOH spin adducts. L-Ascorbic acid 2-
[3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetra-methyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2 H-1-
benzopyran-6yl-hydrogen phosphate] potassium salt (EPC-K1) and bovine
erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) were used as standards for .OH
and O2*-, respectively. Nasunin directly scavenged O2*- with a potency
of 143+/-8 SOD-equivalent units/mg), and inhibited formation of DMPO-
OH (0.65+/-0.07 EPC-K1 micromol/mg). A spectrophotometric study showed
that nasunin formed an iron complex with a molar ratio of nasunin :
Fe3+ of 2 : 1. Therefore, hydroxyl radical scavenging by nasunin is
not due to direct radical scavenging but inhibition of .OH generation
by chelating iron. Nasunin (1 microM) significantly protected against
lipid peroxidation of brain homogenates (p<0.001) as measured by
malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxyalkenals. These findings demonstrate that
nasunin is a potent O2*- scavenger and iron chelator which can protect
against lipid peroxidation.
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