General fitness, health and nutrition · Public discussion

Is dietary carbohydrate essential for human nutrition?

Started by Matti Narkia · · Last activity · 2 posts · 217 views

This thread is locked and is currently read-only.

Thread details

What we know about this thread

Original section
General fitness, health and nutrition
Published
23 October 2003
Last activity
23 October 2003
Original author
Matti Narkia
Posts
2
Discussion status
Public discussion
Total views
217
Views / 30 days
0
Topics

The navigation and discussion metadata provide context. Posts remain in their original chronological order.

Showing posts 1–2 of 2
Posts remain in their original chronological order.

Text size
  1. I think that no one is seriously suggesting complete elimination of
    carbohydrates from diet, but from a theoretical point Westman's provocative
    correspondence article

    Westman EC.
    Is dietary carbohydrate essential for human nutrition?
    Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 May;75(5):951-3
    http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/75/5/951-a

    is highly interesting. Below some key points:

    "The currently established human essential nutrients are water,
    energy, amino acids (histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine,
    methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine),
    essential fatty acids (linoleic and -linolenic acids), vitamin>
    (ascorbic acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K,
    thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B-6, pantothenic acid, folic
    acid, biotin, and vitamin B-12), minerals (calcium, phosphorus,
    magnesium, and iron), trace minerals (zinc, copper, manganese,
    iodine, selenium, molybdenum, and chromium), electrolytes (sodium,
    potassium, and chloride), and ultratrace minerals (4). (Note the
    absence of specific carbohydrates from this list.)

    [...]

    Data in childhood are unavailable, but ketosis in adults can be
    prevented by a daily CHO intake of about 50 g.

    [...]

    In the largest published series on carbohydrate-restricted diets,
    ketosis was not typically symptomatic (7).

    [...]

    The most direct way to determine whether carbohydrate is an
    essential nutrient is to eliminate it from the diet in controlled
    laboratory studies. In studies involving rats and chicks, the
    elimination of dietary carbohydrate caused no obvious problems
    (8–12).

    [...]

    The usual way to discover the essentiality of nutrients is through
    the identification of specific deficiency syndromes (4). I found no
    evidence of a carbohydrate deficiency syndrome in humans. Protein
    deprivation leads to kwashiorkor, and energy deprivation leads to
    marasmus; however, there is no specific carbohydrate deficiency
    syndrome. Few contemporary human cultures eat low-carbohydrate
    diets, but the traditional Eskimo diet is very low (50 g/d) in
    carbohydrate (2). It is possible that if more humans consumed diets
    severely restricted in carbohydrate, a carbohydrate deficiency
    syndrome might become apparent.

    [...]

    Although there is certainly no evidence from which to conclude that
    extreme restriction of dietary carbohydrate is harmless, I was
    surprised to find that there is similarly little evidence to
    conclude that extreme restriction of carbohydrate is harmful. In
    fact, the consequential breakdown of fat as a result of carbohydrate
    restriction may be beneficial in the treatment of obesity (7).
    Perhaps it is time to carefully examine the issue of whether
    carbohydrate is an essential component of human nutrition."

    --
    Matti Narkia

  2. Matti Narkia said:

    I think that no one is seriously suggesting complete elimination of
    carbohydrates from diet, but from a theoretical point Westman's provocative
    correspondence article

    Westman EC.
    Is dietary carbohydrate essential for human nutrition?
    Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 May;75(5):951-3
    http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/75/5/951-a

    is highly interesting. Below some key points:

    "The currently established human essential nutrients are water,
    energy, amino acids (histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine,
    methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine),
    essential fatty acids (linoleic and -linolenic acids), vitamin>
    (ascorbic acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K,
    thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B-6, pantothenic acid, folic
    acid, biotin, and vitamin B-12), minerals (calcium, phosphorus,
    magnesium, and iron), trace minerals (zinc, copper, manganese,
    iodine, selenium, molybdenum, and chromium), electrolytes (sodium,
    potassium, and chloride), and ultratrace minerals (4). (Note the
    absence of specific carbohydrates from this list.)

    [...]

    Data in childhood are unavailable, but ketosis in adults can be
    prevented by a daily CHO intake of about 50 g.

    [...]

    In the largest published series on carbohydrate-restricted diets,
    ketosis was not typically symptomatic (7).

    [...]

    The most direct way to determine whether carbohydrate is an
    essential nutrient is to eliminate it from the diet in controlled
    laboratory studies. In studies involving rats and chicks, the
    elimination of dietary carbohydrate caused no obvious problems
    (8–12).

    [...]

    The usual way to discover the essentiality of nutrients is through
    the identification of specific deficiency syndromes (4). I found no
    evidence of a carbohydrate deficiency syndrome in humans. Protein
    deprivation leads to kwashiorkor, and energy deprivation leads to
    marasmus; however, there is no specific carbohydrate deficiency
    syndrome. Few contemporary human cultures eat low-carbohydrate
    diets, but the traditional Eskimo diet is very low (50 g/d) in
    carbohydrate (2). It is possible that if more humans consumed diets
    severely restricted in carbohydrate, a carbohydrate deficiency
    syndrome might become apparent.

    [...]

    Although there is certainly no evidence from which to conclude that
    extreme restriction of dietary carbohydrate is harmless, I was
    surprised to find that there is similarly little evidence to
    conclude that extreme restriction of carbohydrate is harmful. In
    fact, the consequential breakdown of fat as a result of carbohydrate
    restriction may be beneficial in the treatment of obesity (7).
    Perhaps it is time to carefully examine the issue of whether
    carbohydrate is an essential component of human nutrition."

    Sounds like you want to revisit hyperketonemia.

    --
    Dr. Andrew B. Chung, MD/PhD
    Board-Certified Cardiologist
    http://www.heartmdphd.com/

Active in the last 60 minutes

Active in this thread

0 users · 0 guests ·0 bots ·0 total

No signed-in users are active right now.

No known search crawlers active right now.