Diseases/Phenomena Associated with Ischemic Osteonecrosis
Coagulation Disorders (Hypercoagulation)
Alcohol Abuse (Cirrhosis/Pancreatitis)
Estrogen or Cortisone/Prednisone Therapy Cancer chemotherapy
Arteriosclerosis
Sickle cell anemia
Tobacco Use Deep sea diving
Lupus erythematosus Starvation (e.g. anorexia nervosa)
Arthritis & osteoporosis Shwartzman reaction (serum
sickness)
Osteomyelitis (infection in bone marrow)
Chronic inactivity (e.g. leg in cast)
Hypertension (high blood pressure) Congestive heart failure
(weak heart beat)
Local anesthesia use
Raynaud's phenomenon