Diseases/Phenomena Associated with Ischemic Osteonecrosis
Coagulation Disorders (Hypercoagulation)
Alcohol Abuse (Cirrhosis/Pancreatitis)
Estrogen or Cortisone/Prednisone Therapy
Cancer chemotherapy
Arteriosclerosis
Sickle cell anemia
Tobacco Use
Deep sea diving
Lupus erythematosus
Starvation (e.g. anorexia nervosa)
Arthritis & osteoporosis
Shwartzman reaction (serum sickness)
Osteomyelitis (infection in bone marrow)
Chronic inactivity (e.g. leg in cast)
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Congestive heart failure (weak heart beat)
Local anesthesia use
Raynaud's phenomenon