Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004 Feb 19 [Epub ahead of print] Related Articles, Links
Is Oxidative Stress the Pathogenic Mechanism Underlying Insulin Resistance, Diabetes, and
Cardiovascular Disease? The Common Soil Hypothesis Revisited.
Ceriello A, Motz E.
Department of Pathology and Medicine, Experimental and Clinical, University of Udine, Italy.
Type 2 diabetes is a worldwide increasing disease resulting from the interaction between a subject's
genetic makeup and lifestyle. In genetically predisposed subjects, the combination of excess caloric
intake and reduced physical activity induces a state of insulin resistance. When beta cells are no
longer able to compensate for insulin resistance by adequately increasing insulin production,
impaired glucose tolerance appears, characterized by excessive postprandial hyperglycemia. Impaired
glucose tolerance may evolve into overt diabetes. These 3 conditions, ie, insulin resistance,
impaired glucose tolerance, and overt diabetes, are associated with an increased risk of
cardiovascular disease. Because all these conditions are also accompanied by the presence of an
oxidative stress, this article proposes oxidative stress as the pathogenic mechanism linking insulin
resistance with dysfunction of both beta cells and endothelium, eventually leading to overt diabetes
and cardiovascular disease. This hypothesis, moreover, may also contribute to explaining why
treating cardiovascular risk with drugs, such as calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, AT-1
receptor antagonists, and statins, all compounds showing intracellular preventive antioxidant
activity, results in the onset of new cases of diabetes possibly being reduced.
PMID: 14976002 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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