<<snip>>
administration of 100 mg of hydroxytyrosol per kilogram body weight
for 12 days enhanced resistance of dissociated brain cells to
oxidative stress
<<snip>>
J Agric Food Chem. 2007 May 27; [Epub ahead of print] Links
Hydroxytyrosol-Rich Olive Mill Wastewater Extract Protects Brain Cells
in Vitro and ex Vivo.
Schaffer S, Podstawa M, Visioli F, Bogani P, Müller WE, Eckert GP.
Institute of Pharmacology (ZAFES), Biocenter Niederursel, University
of Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; UMR 7079, Université
Paris 6 "Pierre et Marie Curie", 75005 Paris, France; and Department
of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Elevated oxidative and nitrosative stress both impair the integrity
and functioning of brain tissue, especially in aging. As long-term
intake of plant foods rich in antioxidant phenolics, such as extra
virgin olive oil, positively modulates surrogate markers of many human
pathological alterations, the interest in cheap and abundant sources
of such phenolics is rapidly growing. Olive mill wastewater is
particularly rich in hydroxytyrosol, an o-diphenol with powerful
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic activities. Due to
the deleterious effect of oxidative stress on brain cell survival, the
efficacy of a hydroxytyrosol-rich extract to attenuate Fe2+- and
nitric oxide (NO)-induced cytotoxicity in murine-dissociated brain
cells was investigated. The addition of either Fe2+ or SNP (an NO
donor) caused both a severe loss of cellular ATP and a markedly
depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential. Preincubation with
hydroxytyrosol significantly attenuated the cytotoxic effect of both
stressors, although with different efficiencies. Mice feeding studies
were performed to assess the brain bioactivity of hydroxytyrosol ex
vivo. Subchronic, but not acute, administration of 100 mg of
hydroxytyrosol per kilogram body weight for 12 days enhanced
resistance of dissociated brain cells to oxidative stress, as shown by
reduced basal and stress-induced lipid peroxidation. Also, basal
mitochondrial membrane potential was moderately hyperpolarized (P <
0.05), an effect suggestive of cytoprotection. In synthesis, the ex
vivo data provide the first evidence of neuroprotective effects of
oral hydroxytyrosol intake. Keywords: Hydroxytyrosol; olive mill
wastewater; dissociated brain cells; oxidative stress; brain;
Mediterranean diet.
PMID: 17530860 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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