CRN: "Mr. Barefoot's [ coral calcium ] promotional materials provide a textbook example of
health fraud."
crnusa.orgCRNFDAFTCCoralCalc051503.pdfOpen ↗
Introduction
The Council for Responsible Nutrition (CRN), founded in 1973, is a leading dietary supplement trade
association representing ingredient suppliers and finished product manufacturers. Our members adhere
to a strong code of ethics, comply with dosage limits and manufacture dietary supplements to high
quality standards under good manufacturing practices.
CRN's mission is to improve the environment for member companies to responsibly market dietary
supplements, by enhancing confidence among health care professionals, decision makers, media and
consumers, and to sustain the future growth of the industry based on principles of sound science.
Consistent with that mission, CRN is writing to urge the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) to take enforcement action to prohibit the current "miracle cure"
marketing claims for the dietary supplement, coral calcium. The most egregious claims originate from
the books, infomercials, interviews and web sites of Robert Barefoot. As detailed below, Mr.
Barefoot claims that coral calcium can cure or prevent virtually all degenerative diseases. Many
other marketers of other coral calcium products repeat Mr. Barefoot's theories and claims. These
claims are ubiquitous, appearing on a frequently aired television infomercial, on thousands of
internet web sites, and in countless print ads, brochures and other promotional items.
As part of FDA's new Consumer Health Information initiative, both FDA Commissioner McClellan and FTC
Chairman Muris have affirmed the agencies' commitment to strong enforcement against false and
misleading dietary supplement claims. Coral calcium is one of the most aggressively and pervasively
promoted dietary supplements on the market today. Moreover, many of the claims have no scientific
support and relate to serious life-threatening diseases. Permitting the continuation of such highly
visible and fraudulent claims does grave disservice to consumers who turn to the marketplace for
information about their health. This, in turn, undermines consumer confidence in the dietary
supplement market as a whole, inevitably harming those responsible companies who provide quality
products based on sound science. Accordingly, CRN urges the FTC and FDA to take enforcement action
to enjoin Robert Barefoot from disseminating these fraudulent health claims for coral calcium. As
part of this action, the FTC and FDA should notify the many other companies marketing coral calcium
products using Mr. Barefoot's unsubstantiated theories and claims that the agencies believe those
claims are false and misleading in violation of federal law.
"Miracle Cure" Claims for Coral Calcium
Coral calcium is the fossilized shells of sea creatures i.e., dead coral and is found both above
ground ("stony fossilized"😉 and in the ocean ("marine grade"😉 in the vicinity of Okinawa, Japan [1].
It consists primarily of calcium carbonate, along with magnesium and numerous trace minerals, such
as selenium and chromium. There are many different brands of coral calcium on the market, many of
which are allegedly formulated by Robert Barefoot. One website alone lists nineteen different brands
of coral calcium, some of which are enhanced with additional vitamins and minerals [2]. While coral
calcium supplements undoubtedly provide the proven health benefits of calcium for bone health, the
claims for coral calcium spread by Mr. Barefoot and his progeny go way beyond any existing
scientific support.
For example, in audio and print interviews [3] and on his website [4],
Mr. Barefoot claims that over 200 degenerative diseases are caused by calcium and mineral
deficiency, and that taking coral calcium will prevent or cure these diseases, including cancer,
heart disease, diabetes and Alzheimer's. He asserts that coral calcium could cure 90% of all
diseases within 2 years. He claims to have met "millions of people" who have been cured by coral
calcium, e.g., to have seen patients with multiple sclerosis "get out of wheelchairs just by
getting on coral." He alludes, without any citations, to clinical studies at renowned research
institutions (e.g., The Strang Cancer Center) and articles in prestigious medical journals
(e.g., Journal of the American Medical Association), purportedly proving that calcium can
reverse cancer. He accuses the medical community and pharmaceutical companies of keeping this
information from the public in order to gain from the sale of unnecessary prescription drugs.
("Disease is very profitable; cures aren't." [5].
As support for the miraculous properties of coral calcium, Mr. Barefoot points to the longevity of
the people of Okinawa. According to Mr. Barefoot, the reason Okinawans live so long ("140 years and
going"[6]) is because of the coral calcium in their diets. However, the investigators of the
renowned Okinawan Centenarian Study, a population-based study of hundred-year-olds and other elderly
in Okinawa, have disputed this assertion [7]. Compelled to issue a position statement in response to
Mr. Barefoot, the investigators state:
Most of the health claims being made about coral calcium from Okinawa are based on the fact that the
Okinawans are among the world's longest lived people and supposedly drink water containing coral
calcium. Although Okinawa may have the world's highest concentration of centenarians, as well as
extremely low mortality rates from diseases common in the West such as heart disease, breast and
prostate cancers, the research shows that it has very little to do with their drinking water, as we
explain in detail in our book "The Okinawa Program". Although drinking hard water (high mineral
content that includes calcium, magnesium and other minerals) gives the Okinawans a boost in their
calcium intakes, they still fall far below the calcium intakes of most Western countries. The
average calcium intake in Okinawa is only about 500 mg a day . . . a far cry from claims of "100,000
mg of calcium a day" for the average Okinawan as claimed in a recent TV infomercial [8].
These claims represent only a small number among many examples of the egregious, false and
unsubstantiated claims that Mr. Barefoot and others use to market coral calcium products. In fact,
Mr. Barefoot's promotional materials provide a textbook example of health fraud as described by the
FTC and FDA in the consumer brochure Miracle Health Claims: Add a Dose of Skepticism [9]. That
publication lists the types of claims that the FTC and FDA have encountered over and over again in
fraudulent advertising and labeling, all of which appear in Mr. Barefoot's television infomercial
and websites, and are repeated by thousands of other marketers of coral calcium. Examples include:
* Statements that the product is a quick and effective cure-all or diagnostic tool for a wide
variety of ailments.
* Statements that suggest the product can treat or cure diseases.
* Promotions that use words like "scientific breakthrough," "miraculous cure," "exclusive product,"
"secret ingredient" or "ancient remedy."
* Text that uses impressive-sounding terms.
* Undocumented case histories or personal testimonials by consumers or doctors claiming
amazing results.
Marketplace Saturation of Deceptive Coral Calcium Claims
As stated above, claims for coral calcium are ubiquitous. The coral calcium infomercial featuring
Robert Barefoot was rated the most frequently aired infomercial in March 2003 [10]. An online search
using Google reveals over 150,000 links for coral calcium and over 100,000 for Robert Barefoot.
Thousands of websites sell the supplement, many of which repeat Barefoot's theories and claims, sell
his books, and make his television interviews available for downloading.
In addition, the campaign has attracted the attention of the public health community and the media,
warning consumers that the claims lack any scientific basis. Reports have appeared in the UC
Berkeley Wellness Letter [11], Prevention Magazine [12], Dr. Andrew Weil's website [13],and on Good
Morning America [14], debunking the cure-all claims for coral calcium. Recently, an article in Time
Magazine opined that Mr. Barefoot's campaign was "one of the most successful scams of our age," and
suggested that it was well past time for the government to take action [15].
Conclusion
CRN requests that the FTC and the FDA take appropriate enforcement action to end Mr. Barefoot's
highly visible and deceptive marketing campaign for coral calcium, and to prevent Mr. Barefoot from
further fraudulent activities. In addition, we urge the agencies to publicize this action and notify
other entities marketing coral calcium through the use of such claims that they are in violation of
federal law. Such action is consistent with the policy objectives of the agencies' recently
announced Consumer Health Information for Better Nutrition Initiative, and with the goals of
Operation Cure All and the Health Fraud Task Force. More importantly, strong enforcement action will
be an critical step in reassuring consumers, the public health community, the industry and the media
that the federal government will not tolerate health fraud of this magnitude, and will provide a
more fair and equitable marketplace for those dietary supplement companies who support their
marketing claims with sound science.
Respectfully,
Annette Dickinson, Ph.D. President
Footnotes
[1] Holt, M.D., Steven, Nature's Benefit from Coral Calcium, Sorting Facts from Fiction, available
at wellnesspublishing.comnbcc.htmlOpen ↗.
[2] thesupremecalcium.comcc bottles.htmlOpen ↗.
[3] coralcalciumsupply.comrobertbarefoot.htmlOpen ↗ (interview by Lee Davis);
coral1.combob.htmlOpen ↗ (interview by Kevin Trudeau).
[4] cureamerica.netcureamerica.netOpen ↗.
[5]coral-calcium-supplement.netbarefoot coral calcium interview.htmOpen ↗ (Lee interview).
[6] thesupremecalcium.combob barefoot interview.htmlOpen ↗ (Lee interview).
[7] okinawaprogram.comindex.htmlOpen ↗. The goal of the Okinawa Centenarian Study is to
uncover the genetic and lifestyle factors responsible for the longevity of the Okinawans.
[8] okinawaprogram.comcoral calcium.htmlOpen ↗.
[9] Miracle Health Claims: Add a Dose of Skepticism (joint FTC-FDA publication issued Sept. 2001),
available at ftc.govfrdheal.htmOpen ↗.
[10] Weekly Top Infomercials available at jwgreensheet.comrweek.aspOpen ↗.
[11] "Coral Calcium: How To Sell a 5¢ supplement for $1." UC Berkeley Wellness Letter.Com, February
2003, available at berkeleywellness.comdsCoralCalcium.phpOpen ↗.
[12] "Spotlight on Coral Calcium: Four Tips to Help You Evaluate Supplement Ads," available at
prevention.com0,4780,4534 P,00.htmlOpen ↗.
[13] "Counting on Coral Calcium?" available at
drweil.comdrw cda.htmlcommand=TodayQA pt=Question questionId=73935Open ↗.
[14] "False Hope? Experts Doubt Coral Calcium Infomercial Health Claims," available at
abcnews.go.comcoral calcium030511.htmlOpen ↗.
[15] "Coral Calcium: A Barefoot Scam," available at
time.com0,9565,433084,00.htmlOpen ↗.
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iangoddard.netjournal.htmOpen ↗
"To lengthen thy life, lessen thy meals." Ben Franklin
Ongoing CR monkey study update: "In the monkeys...those on reduced feeding since the study started
are dying at a rate that is about half that of the monkeys receiving a full food ration."
Associated Press: Eating less may extend human life. August 1, 2002 :
msnbc.com788746.aspOpen ↗