My current setup of Campagnolo Centaur shifter, unknown model Campagnolo front derailleur (maybe Stratos double, late 80's/early 90's anyway) and Athena 1996 39/50 chainrings requires "ratcheting up" before the shift is completed from the inner chainring to the outer. The chain is KMC x10.
Is the old derailleur cage too wide, or are the chainrings too far apart or both? Or is it just an adjustment problem? Like, is it possible to shift with a single sweep to a bigger chainring with all-Centaur double gear?
Yes, it is./ Ensure the chain is as close to the inner cage of the FD when in small ring and biggest cog as possible so that it will still get the chain down to the small ring(1mm or so). Loosen the inner wire from the FD, pull on it while pushing the ERGO thumb button, tighten the inner wire. Shift to the big ring, ensure the chain is anout 1mm from the outer part of the cage when in big ring/smallest cog.