Comparing treadmill running vs cycling for Zone 2 adaptations, whats the consensus on which is more effective for improving cardiovascular fitness while minimizing the risk of overtraining or injury. Is it a case of specificity wins and cycling is the clear choice for cyclists, or can running on a treadmill provide comparable benefits in terms of increased mitochondrial density, capillarization, and myoglobin levels.
Are there any key differences in the physiological adaptations that occur with each activity, and if so, do these differences have any practical implications for cyclists looking to incorporate cross-training into their regimen. For example, does the higher impact nature of running on a treadmill lead to greater improvements in bone density, and if so, is this a worthwhile trade-off for the increased risk of overuse injuries.
How do the different movement patterns and muscle recruitment strategies involved in cycling and running affect the development of Zone 2 adaptations, and are there any specific training protocols or techniques that can be used to optimize these adaptations in either activity.